2. 外语
  3. Culture influences an individual’s health beliefs, behaviours, activities and medical treatment outcomes.(1)______ the significa

Culture influences an individual’s health beliefs, behaviours, activities and medical treatment outcomes.(1)______ the significa

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问题     Culture influences an individual’s health beliefs, behaviours, activities and medical treatment outcomes.(1)______ the significant influence of culture upon health and related outcomes, health care(2)______ should be culturally competent in order to provide(3)______ health care to patients. Cultural competency means considering many options and being more careful about making judgements.(4)______, scars and bruises that suggest abuse in western culture could(5)______ be symbols of accepted healing methods or sacred rituals.(6)______, different parts of the body are considered sacred in different cultures.
    Cultural competency in healthcare (7)______ four major challenges for providers. The first is the straightforward challenge of recognizing clinical (8)______ among people of different ethnic and racial groups, e.g., higher (9)______ of hypertension in African Americans and(10)______ diabetes in certain Native American groups.
    The second, and far more complicated, challenge is(11)______. This deals with everything from the need for interpreters to nuances of words in various languages. Many patients, even in western cultures, are(12)______ to talk with their doctors about (13)______ personal matters as sexual activity or chemical use. How do we overcome this(14)______ among more restricted cultures?
    The third challenge is ethics. (15)______ western medicine is among the best in the world, we do not have all the(16)______. Respect for the belief systems of(17)______ and the effects of those beliefs on well-being are critically important to competent care.
    The final challenge involves (18)______. For some patients, authority figures are immediately mistrusted, (19)______ for good reason. Having seen or been victims of atrocities at the hands of authorities in their homelands, many people are as(20)______ of caregivers themselves as they are of the care.
(3)
选项 A、optimum
B、optimist
C、optimistic
D、optional
答案A
解析 形近词辨析题。根据句意及常识，即医疗卫生专业人士需要为病人提供最好的服务，故选A。optimum的意思是“最佳的、最优的”；optimist是名词，“乐观主义者”的意思：optimistic意思是“乐观主义者的”；optional“可以任选的、非强制的”。
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