首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically" proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically" proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have
admin
2011-02-25
84
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically" proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. (46)
Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the laws of nature or by those of society.
The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated. In all Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence (生活维持费) in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist(维持生活), in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any" reason". (47)
I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time. let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. (48)
This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature ; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
(49)
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer.
If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. (50)
Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it ; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees; its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
选项
答案
然而,我想建议,这种生活维持费必须限制在一定的期限内,譬如说2年,以避免鼓励一种反常的态度,即不肯承担任何社会义务。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/2pZ4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ItcanbeinferredfromtheopeningparagraphthatTheterm"ubiquitous"(Paragraph5)mostprobablymeans
Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpiecharts.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethepiecharts,then
TheauthorconsidersthosehistorianswhodescribeearlyfeministsintheUSas"solitary"tobeThesocietyenvisionedbySain
TheresultoftheincreasingcostsinnaturaldisastersisThekeyfactortoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisaster
Thebiggestdangerfacingtheglobalairlineindustryisnottheeffectsofterrorism,war,SARSandeconomicdownturn.Itisth
Cigarettescanseriouslydamageyourcountryside.Fannedby112km/hSantaAnawinds,firesweptacross4,250hectaresnearthem
Cigarettescanseriouslydamageyourcountryside.Fannedby112km/hSantaAnawinds,firesweptacross4,250hectaresnearthem
ManyparentswhowelcometheideaofturningofftheTVandspendingmoretimewiththefamilyarestillworriedthatwithoutTV
ManyparentswhowelcometheideaofturningofftheTVandspendingmoretimewiththefamilyarestillworriedthatwithoutTV
ManyparentswhowelcometheideaofturningofftheTVandspendingmoretimewiththefamilyarestillworriedthatwithoutTV
随机试题
中华护理学会是我国的
张三见李四打王五,遂上前制止,李四将张三打伤。对于张三受到的伤害,应该由谁承担责任:
图示电路中,二极管视为理想元件,即正向电压降为零,反向电阻为无穷大。三极管的β=100。输入信号UA、UB的高电平是3.5V(逻辑1),低电平是0.3V(逻辑0),若该电路的输出电压U0为电压平时定为逻辑1,图示电路应为:
我国《证券投资基金管理暂行办法》规定,作为基金托管人的商业银行实收资本不少于()亿元人民币。
A.事件:成绩不好,被打。B.后果:被人嘲笑。C.情绪:低落,伤心。D.被人嘲笑不是件很糟糕的事情。E.没人嘲笑我,即使别人嘲笑也没有关系,我会努力成功,这样就不会被打;即使不成功也没有关系,我还有其他特长。
黄色颜料和绿色颜料混合所得到的颜色,其明度是
数字签名与消息认证的区别是,【 】使接收方能验证消息发送者及其所发的消息是否被篡改过。
SQL语句中删除表的命令是
若按层次顺序将一棵有n个结点的完全二叉树的所有结点从1到n编号,那么当i为偶数且小于n时,结点i的右兄弟是结点【】,否则结点i没有右兄弟。
Didhereallyexpecthertosmilenowand______withhisplans,treatallthisdeceptionasnomorethananunusualdiversion?
最新回复
(
0
)