2. 外语
  3. In Lusaka, Zambia, a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist’s desk and asked.

In Lusaka, Zambia, a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist’s desk and asked.

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问题    In Lusaka, Zambia, a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist’s desk and asked. "What tribe(部落)is he?" When the receptionist told him that the manager was a Mashona, the applicant replied, "Then I’ll never get the job. "
   This phenomenon is called tribalism(部落主义). There are more than 2, 000 tribes in black Africa. Each has its own language, customs, and physical characteristics that make its members almost immediately recognizable to a person from another tribe. To the Westerner, tribalism is one of the most difficult of African customs to understand. It makes many people think of savagery, warfare, or old-fashioned customs.
   However, to most Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one’s ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family. It makes sure that a person is taken care of by his own group tribesman. To give a job to a fellow is not wrong: it is an obligation. Similarly, for a politician or military leader, it is considered good common sense to choose his closest advisers from people of his own tribe. This ensures security, continuity, and authority. Tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion—from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager— within a very short time.
   Tribalism remains perhaps the most powerful force in day-to-day African life. Yet modern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions.  
The situation in the first paragraph is an example of______.
选项 A、the difficulty of getting a job in Africa
B、the disagreement on tribalism among Africans
C、the great numbers of tribes in Africa
D、the importance of tribalism in Africa
答案D
解析 逻辑推断题。第一段的例子只是个引子，是为了引出第二段的内容。文章说到在非洲有着2000多个不同的部落，并且他们有着不同的语言、习俗甚至样貌，也就是表明了部落主义的重要性，故答案选D。
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