首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Hudson River School The Hudson River School encompasses two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole’s awesomely Romantic
Hudson River School The Hudson River School encompasses two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole’s awesomely Romantic
admin
2013-08-12
55
问题
Hudson River School
The Hudson River School
encompasses
two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole’s awesomely Romantic images of America’s wilderness in the Hudson River Valley and also in the newly opened West. The Hudson River painters, the first coherent school of American art, helped to shape the themes of the American landscape. Beginning with the works of Thomas Cole(1801— 1848)and Asher B. Durand(1796- 1886)and evolving into the Luminist and late Romantic schools, landscape painting was the prevalent genre of 19th century American art.
With roots in European Romanticism and with correspondences to European painters, the Hudson River painters, nonetheless, set about to heed Emerson’s call "to ignore the courtly Muses of Europe" and define a distinct vision for American art. The artists translated these ideas into an aesthetic that was sweeping and spontaneous. Like the vast nation that lay before them, which they celebrated with a sense of awe for its majestic natural resources and a feeling of optimism for the huge potential it held, the Hudson River painters depicted a New World wilderness in which man, though minuscule as he was beside the vastness of creation, nevertheless retained that divine spark that completed the circle of harmony. Wilderness was something that Europe no longer possessed -it was uniquely American. These artists painted grandiose and detailed scenery of the Hudson Valley and New England filled with awe and optimism often combined with a moral message.
As Thomas Cole maintained, if nature were untouched by the hand of man—as was much of the primeval American landscape in the early 19th century- then man could become more easily acquainted with the hand of God. Sharing the philosophy of the American Transcendentalists that painting should become a vehicle through which the universal mind could reach the mind of mankind, the Hudson River painters believed art to be an agent of moral and spiritual transformation.
The impetus to celebrate the glories of the Hudson Valley began before Thomas Cole, but it was Cole with his literary and dramatic instincts and his years of European study who made the most coherent and articulated case for a new art for a new land. He did much to revolutionize not only the styles and themes of American painting, but the methods. Cole sketched from nature, frequently dramatic scenes in the Catskills or White Mountains, and then returned to his studio to compose his large scale canvasses, alive with tactile brushwork and atmospheric lighting that seemed to breathe.
The influence of the Hudson River School was carried into the mid-19th century by artists like John Frederick Kensett and Martin Johnson Heade, who came to be known as Luminists because of their experiments with the effects of light on water and sky, and by Frederic Edwin Church. Church, who based himself in his panoramic home in the Catskills at Olana, sought more extensive horizons for his canvasses. Like Walt Whitman he tried to contain multitudes. He traveled the globe, painting scenery from the Hudson Valley to the American West to the Andes, Amazon, and Arctic, and he laid the foundation for the post-Civil War generation of landscape painters.
A painting which has become a virtual
emblem
for the Hudson River School is KINDRED SPIRITS by Asher B. Durand, which hangs in New York City’s Public Library. In it Durand depicts himself, together with Cole, on a rocky promontory in serene contemplation of the scene before them: the gorge with its running stream, the gossamer Catskill mists shimmering in a palette of subtle colors, framed by foliage.(A)
In the foreground stands one of the school’s famous symbols—a broken tree stump—what Cole called a "memento mori" or reminder that life is fragile and impermanent;(B)
only Nature and the Divine within the Human Soul are eternal.(C)
As Cole and Durand firmly believed, if the American landscape was a new Garden of Eden, then it was they, as artists, who kept the keys of entry.(D)
In the 19th century, what was considered the most representative kind of American painting?
选项
A、Figure painting.
B、Landscape painting.
C、Impressionistic painting.
D、Historical painting.
答案
B
解析
本题为事实信息题,主要考查考生是否能够抓住文章中阐明的主要信息并排除干扰项的能力。题目问:在19世纪的绘画艺术中,选项中的哪项最能代表美国油画?本篇文章第一段的最后一句话已经说明,风景画是美国19世纪艺术最普遍的艺术流派,因此答案应为B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/31fO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Completethetable.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.
CompletethenotesusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Tworeasonsforthenewapproachtopricingare:【T28】______a
CompletethenotesusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Tworeasonsforthenewapproachtopricingare:【T28】______a
CompletethenotesbelowusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.
Thefocusofthelectureseriesison______
Completethetablebelow.WritetheappropriatelettersA-GagainstQuestions36~40.MAINROLES(A
Completetheformbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.ExpeditionAcrossAttoraMountainsLeader:CharlesOwen
Completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.MICHOUSEAGENCYREPAIRSExampleAnswerName:
Completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.NOTESONSOCIALPROGRAMMEExample
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
随机试题
A.三叉神经节B.B淋巴细胞C.脊髓后根神经节或脑神经的感觉神经节D.唾液腺、乳腺、肾、白细胞E.骶神经节EBV潜伏部位是()
简述教学的启发性原则及其要求。
铝合金门窗外框与墙体的缝隙填塞,应按设计要求处理,下列哪种填缝材料不适合?[2001-112]
图示质量为m的三角形物块,其倾斜角为θ,可在光滑的水平地面上运动。质量为m的矩形物块又沿斜面运动。两块间也是光滑的。该系统的动力学特征(动量、动量矩、机械能)有守恒情形的数量为:
某实施监理的工程,建设单位与施工单位按照《建设工程施工合同(示范文本)》签订的施工合同约定:工程合同价为200万元,工期6个月;预付款为合同价的15%;工程进度款按月结算;保留金总额为合同价的3%,按每月进度款(含工程变更和索赔费用)的10%扣留,扣完为止
某双代号网络计划如下图所示,其关键线路有()条。
商业银行信用风险管理部门采用回收现金流法计算某个债项的违约损失率时,若该债项的回收总金额为1.04亿元,回收总成本为0.44亿元,违约风险暴露为1.2亿元,则该债项的违约损失率为()。
“四社”(华中师大2005年研)
下面程序的功能是将一个字符串str的内容倒序,请填空。#inelude<stdio.h>#include<strins.h>main(){inti,j,【】;charstr[]={"12345
A=AudiA3B=HondaCivicC=Rover200D=ToyotaCamryHybridWhichcar...hasadriverseatthatcanbeadjustedtofitmo
最新回复
(
0
)