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The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be da

admin2022-03-23  95
问题     The human thirst for knowledge is the driving force behind our successful development as a species. But curiosity can also be dangerous, leading to setbacks or even downfalls. Given curiosity’s complexity, scientists have found it hard to define.
    While pinning down a definition has proven tricky, the general consensus is it’s some means of information gathering. Psychologists also agree curiosity is intrinsically (内在的) motivated.
    Curiosity covers such a large set of behaviors that there probably isn’t any single "curiosity gene" that makes humans wonder about and explore their environment. That said, curiosity does have a genetic component. Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.
    Regardless of their genetic makeup, infants have to learn an incredible amount of information in a short time, and curiosity is one of the tools humans have found to accomplish that gigantic task.
    Hundreds of studies show that infants prefer novelty. It’s what motivates non-human animals, human infants and probably human adults to explore and seek out new things before growing less interested in them after continued exposure.
    But curiosity often comes with a cost.
    In some situations, the stakes are low and failure is a healthy part of growth. For instance, many babies are perfectly proficient crawlers, but they decide to try walking because there’s more to see and do when they stand upright. But this milestone comes at a small cost. A study of 12- to 19-month-olds learning how to walk documented that these children fell down a lot. Seventeen times per hour, to be exact. But walking is faster than crawling, so this motivates expert crawlers to transition to walking.
    Sometimes, however, testing out a new idea can lead to disaster. For instance, the Inuit people of the Arctic regions have created incredible modes to deal with the challenges of living in northern climates, but what we forget about are the tens of thousands of people that tried and failed to make it in those challenging landscapes.
What does the example of the Inuit people of the Arctic regions illustrate?
选项 A、The cost of humans’ curiosity to explore.
B、The incredible harshness of cold weather.
C、The innovative ideas stemming from curiosity.
D、The importance of learning from past failures.
答案A
解析 由题干中的the lnuit people of the Arctic regions定位到最后一段。推理判断题。最后一段第二句中的For instance说明该句是例证，主要说明第一句的观点。第一句指出，有时候测试一个新想法可能会导致灾难。由此可见，驱使人类不断进行探索的好奇心也会给人类带来负面的影响，故答案为A)。最后一段第二句指出，北极地区的因纽特人创造了令人难以置信的模式来应对生活在北方的气候的挑战，但我们忘记的是成千上万的人曾试图在这具有挑战性的环境中生存而未能成功。由此可见，寒冷天气确实十分严酷，但是这并不是提及该例子的原因，故排除B)；文中未提及C)和D)，故排除。
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