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  3. I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that

I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that

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问题    I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
   Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.
   The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls "free writing." In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
   Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
   Instead of staring at a blank, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?
选项 A、It refines his writing into better shape.
B、It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C、It saves the writing time available to him.
D、It allows him to sit on the side and observe.
答案A
解析 本题细节定位于第四段第一句“Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly”，指出在获得原材料后，即是运用批判性思维的时候。最后一整段对如何运用批判性思维进行了描述，从中可以发现批判性思维的主要作用是对文章草稿进行修改、精炼。A项“它使文章更加成形”，也就是对文章草稿进行修改、精炼，符合最后一段对批判性思维的描述。B项“它能使作者产生新的想法”。根据文意，批判性思维是对现有想法的修改，不会产生新的想法。C项“它可以节省作者的写作时间”。第四段提到“this will take more time than you actually have”，意思是在运用批判性思维前很可能会发现时间不够用，那么批判性思维有没有节省时间呢?从“Move back and forth until you run out of time…”这句话可以看出，即便运用批判性思维，还是把所有的时间都用光了，因此并没有节省时间。D项“它可以使作者坐下来审视文章”。坐下来审视文章就是指运用批判性思维，不能说它会对本身起到什么作用。因此选择A。
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