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  3. Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other te

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other te

admin2012-09-30  89
问题     Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
    The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
    Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement (加强) should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
The author’s purpose in writing the passage is______ . (  )
选项 A、to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B、to persuade young athletes not to worry about criticism
C、to stress the importance of positive reinforcement in sports
D、to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
答案C
解析 本题考查的足作者写这篇文章的意图。A项表示要教会年轻的运动员如何避免“自我放弃”；B项意为说服年轻的运动员对各种指责不要担心；C项表示强调增加运动的积极作用：D项意为讨论将指责和鼓励相互结合的技巧。综合全文，可以看出，增强孩子们在运动中的自信心是最重要的，也就是要强调运动的积极作用。
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