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  3. Fishing adds only about 1 percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute enormously to human survival.

Fishing adds only about 1 percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute enormously to human survival.

admin2011-02-28  31
问题    Fishing adds only about 1 percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute enormously to human survival. Marine fisheries contribute more to the world’s supply of protein than beef, poultry or any other animal source.
   Fishing typically does not require land ownership, and because it remains, in general, open to all, it is often the employer of last resort in the developing world--an occupation when there are no other options. Worldwide, about 200 million people depend on fishing for their livelihoods. Within Southeast Asia alone, more than five million people fish full-time. In northern Chile ,40 percent of the population lives off the ocean. In Newfoundland, most employment came from fishing or servicing that industry--until the collapse of the cod fisheries in the early 1990s left tens of thousands of people out of work.
    Although debates over the conservation of natural resources are often cast as a conflict between jobs and the environment, the restoration of fish populations would in fact boost employment. Michael P. Sissenwine and Andrew A. Rosenberg of the U. S. National Marine Fisheries Service have estimated that if depleted species were allowed to rebuild to their long-term potential, their sustainable use would add about $ 8 billion to the U. S. gross domestic product--and provide some 300, 000 jobs. If fish populations were restored and properly managed, about 20 million metric tons could be added to the world’s annual catch. But restoration of ecological balance ,fiscal profitability, and economic security will require a substantial reduction in the capacity of the commercial fishing industry so that wild population can recover.
   The necessary reductions in fishing power need not come at the expense of jobs. Governments could increase employment and reduce the pressure on fish populations by directing subsidies away from highly mechanized ships. For each $1 million of investment, industrial-scale fishing operations require only one to five people ,whereas small-scale fisheries would employ between 60 and 3000. Industrial fishing itself threatens tens of millions of fishermen working on a small scale by depleting the fish on which they depend for subsistence.
The balance between jobs and the environment can be kept if ______.
选项 A、fishing capacity is further increased
B、fishing jobs are further increased
C、fewer well-equipped fishing ships are used
D、fewer species are allowed to rebuild
答案C
解析 方法是减少机器作业的捕鱼方式，多采用小规模的人力密集型作业。
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