2. 外语
  3. Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language i

Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language i

admin2010-08-07  84
问题       Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality. As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.
      Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events.
      It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.
     Finally, it is worth noticed that the terms "standard" "colloquial" and "slang" exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.  
What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
选项 A、People are aware of what kind of languages they are using while speaking.
B、People can distinguish the types of languages well than experts.
C、Experts are not the only that can distinguish between these types.
D、Most speakers are unaware of what type of speech they are using.
答案D
解析 语义理解题。根据画线句子后面的一句可知大部分语言使用者都不知道他们使用的是俗语还是俚语，也就是大部分人不会意识到他们自己使用的是哪种语言，因此正确答案是D。
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