2. 考研
  3. [A] The authors also point to some limitations, including the lack of racial diversity of study participants, which mainly inclu

[A] The authors also point to some limitations, including the lack of racial diversity of study participants, which mainly inclu

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问题     [A] The authors also point to some limitations, including the lack of racial diversity of study participants, which mainly included white US women with European ancestry, and the possibility that other unmeasured factors, such as use of other products, may have affected the results. What’s more, assessments of exposure to hair dye stopped relatively early in the follow-up period so some women may have started, stopped or changed their hair dye after this time, and some users of non-permanent hair dyes might have misclassified themselves as permanent hair dye users.
    [B] To gain a better understanding of the risk of cancer from use of personal hair dye, researchers analysed data on 117, 200 women from the Nurses’ Health Study, based at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, a large prospective cohort study, which includes assessments of hair dye exposure. The women did not have cancer at the start of the study and were followed for 36 years.
    [C] Women who use permanent hair dye products to colour their hair at home do not experience greater risk of most cancers or greater cancer related mortality, finds a study published by The British Medical Journal today. While this should provide general reassurance to users of permanent hair dyes, the authors say they did find a slight increase in risk of ovarian cancer and some cancers of the breast and skin.
    [D] While the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified occupational exposure to hair dyes as a probable carcinogen, there is no warning about personal use because existing evidence is inconclusive.
    [E] But, ever use of permanent dyes was associated with a slightly increased risk of the basal cell carcinoma of the skin. An increased risk of three types of breast cancer—estrogen receptor negative, progesterone receptor negative, and hormone receptor negative—and ovarian cancer was also linked to use of permanent dyes, with risk rising according to the cumulative amount of dye women were exposed to.
    [F] The results showed no increased risk of most cancers or of cancer death in women who reported having ever used permanent hair dyes compared with those who had never used such dyes. Use of hair dye did not increase risk of cancers of the bladder, brain, colon, kidney, lung, blood and immune system, or most cancers of the skin or breast.
    [G] Use of hair dye is very popular, particularly among older age groups keen to cover up signs of grey. For example, it is estimated that it is used by 50-80% of women and 10% of men aged 40 and older in the United States and Europe. The most aggressive hair dyes are the permanent types and these account for approximately 80% of hair dyes used in the US and Europe, and an even greater proportion in Asia.

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答案G
解析 根据给定的第一段，我们可以分析得知第一段主要介绍了《英国医学杂志》的一项关于染发剂和患癌症的关系的研究发现，但是第一段并未给出研究的背景，因此考虑第二段应该要介绍染发剂的使用情况，所以[G]段作为第二段比较妥当。
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