首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the past, most cities usually were the natural outgrowth of villages and towns that happened to prosper. Rome started out as
In the past, most cities usually were the natural outgrowth of villages and towns that happened to prosper. Rome started out as
admin
2019-07-19
90
问题
In the past, most cities usually were the natural outgrowth of villages and towns that happened to prosper. Rome started out as a small village, as did Athens, Paris, London and New York. Of course, there were exceptions to this general rule. In ancient times, Alexandria in E-gypt, and Saint Petersburg, were both planned cities. But for the most part, cities throughout history were not the products of deliberate thought.
Today the reverse is true.
Many nations, alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside, and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities, have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs.
Britain has long been a pioneer in planning new cities. As the first nation to become industrialized and urbanized, it faced traffic, slums and pollution long before anyone else. In 1898 an Englishman , Sir Ebenezer Howard, published a book called To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform, in which he advocated a new form of urban growth and organization: the "garden city". Such a city combined the beauty of nature—trees, grass, sunshine and fresh air—with all the advantages of city living, including an abundance of jobs, social and cultural centres and good shopping facilities. The garden city was to be fairly small in size and the inhabitants would have easy access to the countryside, while at the same time they would be close to their work.
In 1899 Howard organized the Garden City Association and in 1903 and 1920 he built the first and the second garden city, Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City. These projects encountered many difficulties and failed to arouse widespread enthusiasm. Nevertheless, both Welwyn and Letchworth survived and grew, and in later years—particularly after World War II—British planners looked at them with renewed interest.
The war had given the British a painful lesson in the weakness of modern, heavily populated cities. Cities were not the places of refuge they had once been. On the contrary, the invention of the aeroplane had made them the most vulnerable targets for attack. Aerial warfare made it clear that people were far safer outside the great urban centres. It was better not to concentrate so much of the population and industrial resources in a few large cities, but to spread them out into many smaller towns and cities. Fast, modern transportation methods made such dispersal possible.
Furthermore , these new towns—modeled on Howard’s garden cities—could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities, relieving the overcrowded conditions, housing shortages, slums and traffic jams that plagued them.
Many nations, alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside, and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities, have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs.
选项
答案
城市的扩张侵占了农田和开阔的农村,这给许多国家敲响了警钟,他们被中心城市出现的令人困惑的城市化问题所震惊,于是已经开始建设为了满足现代化需要而特别设计的新型城市。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/4nfK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
ItisinterestingtoreflectforamomentuponthedifferencesintheareasofmoralfeelingandstandardsinthepeoplesofJap
ItisinterestingtoreflectforamomentuponthedifferencesintheareasofmoralfeelingandstandardsinthepeoplesofJap
TheLondonUndergroundMapTheLondonUndergroundmapisextremelywelldesigned.Simple,easytounderstandand【76】(ATTRACT
Oneofthequestionscomingintofocusaswefacegrowingscarcityofresourcesintheworldishowtodividelimitedresources
Oneofthequestionscomingintofocusaswefacegrowingscarcityofresourcesintheworldishowtodividelimitedresources
Oneofthequestionscomingintofocusaswefacegrowingscarcityofresourcesintheworldishowtodividelimitedresources
Simonhadabagofsweets.Whenhetriedtodividethesweetsintothreepileshehadoneleftover.’Thesamethinghappenedwh
Theannalsofnaturalhistorycontainmanyastonishingexamplesoftheabilityofanimalstofindtheirwayhomeaftermakingdi
Theannalsofnaturalhistorycontainmanyastonishingexamplesoftheabilityofanimalstofindtheirwayhomeaftermakingdi
Recently,ImadeatriparoundEuropewithmyfamilyandittookbreathawaytoseehowmucheverythinghaschanged.Iwas【M1】_
随机试题
请简述国际营销规划的分类。
将连续变化的灰度或密度信息转化成离散的数字信息的过程称为
A、小便混浊如米泔水,置之沉淀如絮状,尿道热涩疼痛B、小便赤涩不重,淋沥不已,时发时止,遇劳则重,伴腰酸膝软,乏力C、小便淋沥反复发作,淋出如脂,涩痛不重,形体日渐消瘦,头昏无力,腰酸膝软D、外感后发病,小便短少,眼睑及双下肢水
工程项目咨询综合评价法所采用的理论依据不包括()。
资本公积金转增股本同样会增加投资者持有的股份数量,因此投资者须纳税。()
某施工企业年初向银行贷款流动资金100万元,按季计算并支付利息,季度利率2%,则一年支付的利息总和为()万元。
劳动法律关系的特点包括()。
高级经理人在报酬上的差距反映了公司各个部门之间的工作方式。如果这个差距较大,它激励的是部门之间的竞争和个人的表现;如果这个差距较小,它激励的是部门之间的合作和集体的表现。3M公司各个部门之间是以合作的方式工作的,所以______。将以下哪项陈述作为
在丰十会历史发展过程中,人民群众起着决定性的作用。人民群众是历史的主体,是历史的创造者。这是因为人民群众是
有如下程序#include<stdio.h>main(){chara=’3’,b=’A’;inti;for(i=0;i<6;i++){if(i%3)putcha
最新回复
(
0
)