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  3. For most of my working life I have been a practicing scientist. I have worked in industrial and academic laboratories—as a labor

For most of my working life I have been a practicing scientist. I have worked in industrial and academic laboratories—as a labor

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问题     For most of my working life I have been a practicing scientist. I have worked in industrial and academic laboratories—as a laboratory assistant—and as a consultant. I have also taught chemistry from "0" level, to the supervision of PhD students. But it is only in recent years that T have begun to look seriously beyond my own personal experience to the role of women in science in a wider context.
    To my dismay, it seemed that there had been little improvement since I had embarked on my own career. The dice are still so heavily loaded against girls and women choosing a scientific career that I was astonished that so many had succeeded, against all the odds, rather than that there wen; so few.
    Many factors deter girls from choosing a scientific career and one of these is undoubtedly the attitudes adopted by parents, teachers, friends and society in general. It was this area which I decided to investigate and my studies so far have indicated that negative attitudes towards women scientists have always existed and still prevail. These attitudes need to be demonstrated and combated because they adversely affect women’s careers, role models for girls and boy’s expectations of women.
    Science is dominated by men, most of its practitioners are men and it is said to have a masculine image. Society does not expect women to become scientists so that those do know that they are "stepping out of line". This, in itself, makes them "special" in some way because the men, in a male dominated profession, are not, in any sense, rebels. In an attempt to discover whether women scientists, have any other characteristics in common, I have been gathering information about their lives, the way they work, the nature of that work and what they say about themselves.
    If one includes both past and present women scientists, one finds, superficially at least, a great diversity, particularly in their backgrounds, which range from poor, working-class to rich aristocracy. Some are married, with children, while some are unmarried and childless. However, it is evident that most of them developed habits of independent thought at an early age. Often these seem to have been fostered by parents who, in some cases, were subsequently dismayed when their daughters insisted on following their own inclinations and rejected traditional roles. Perhaps the parents inadvertently sowed the seeds of rebellion. Not all of the women scientists had to struggle against adversity as we normally think of it. The privileged ones who could have led idle, comfortable lives, chose not to, but all were quietly confident that what they were doing was right for them.
One major factor that affects women’s careers is that______.
选项 A、their husbands do not want them to become scientists
B、men are reluctant to stop dominating women
C、society despises men who accept women into the field of science
D、the society does not approve of women becoming scientists
答案D
解析 细节题。第三段提到，有很多因素阻碍了女性选择科学生涯，其中之一是家长、老师、朋友和社会的态度，作者发现，这些人群对女科学家的negative attitudes一直存在，而且仍然很盛行。这种态度影响了女性的职业选择、女孩的角色模式、男孩对女性的期望。这里，rolemodels指在社会生活中供年轻一代追求和模仿的社会角色模式，如社会把勇敢的人当作英雄，向他们学习，模仿他们的行为。故选[D]。
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