首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
admin
2015-06-27
71
问题
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well-being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading.
Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literary became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literary became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15 th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being.
Which of the following exerts the greatest influence on universal literary?
选项
A、Government policies.
B、The invention of the printing press.
C、The popularization of education.
D、The practical need for reading.
答案
D
解析
由第二段第一句“在众多因素中,实用性(usefulness)可能是最具有决定性的因素”可知答案为[D]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/52XK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
HowdoestheTelephoneReassuranceServiceofferhelptopeopleinneed?
HowdoestheTelephoneReassuranceServiceofferhelptopeopleinneed?
StevewantstotraveltoLondonbytraininsteadofbusbecause
Executivecoachingisprimarilyconcernedwithconfidentialone-to-onediscussionsbetweenthecoachandtheexecutive.Itisai
TherearefewstrangeralliancesinAmerica’sculturewarsthantheonebetweennativistsandmulticulturalistsonthesubjecto
Itwasnotuntilheclosedthedoor______he______heforgotIotakethekeyswithhim.
Computershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.Decadesago,whenthetechnolog
HowAreOurBodiesMade?Thehumanbodyislikeacomplicatedmachinemadeofmanyinterconnectedparts.Atthesmallestsca
ThenewLenovolaptopwiththebutterflykeyboardandthebuilt-inFAXmodemisapretty______machine.
SightSightisveryeffectiveatgivingexactinformationoverconsiderabledistances./Iftheviewedobjectismoving,/i
随机试题
A.癌B.肉瘤C.母细胞瘤D.精原细胞瘤来源于上皮组织的恶性肿瘤是
35岁妇女,近2年出现痛经且逐渐加重。查子宫后倾,如孕2个月大小,质硬。
可用阴阳对立制约解释的是()
急性腹膜炎最重要的体征是()。
某企业2015年12月31日购入一台机器设备,原值为200000元,预计净残值为8000元,预计使用年限为5年,采用年限平均法计提折旧。2018年12月31日,该机器设备发生减值,公允价值减去处置费用后的全额为70000元,未来现金流量的现值为80000元
我国监管当局出台的贷款五级分类包含()等级的贷款。
"Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness------forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom------arec
劳动教养的对象不包括()。
唯物史观的创立,使“唯心主义从它的最后的避难所中,从历史观中被驱逐出来了”。唯心史观和唯物史观的根本区别在于
有以下程序#include<iostream.h>voidss(char*s,chart){while(*s){if(*S==t)*s=t-’a’+’A’;s++;}}voidmain()
最新回复
(
0
)