首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
admin
2015-06-27
49
问题
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well-being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading.
Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literary became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literary became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15 th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being.
Which of the following exerts the greatest influence on universal literary?
选项
A、Government policies.
B、The invention of the printing press.
C、The popularization of education.
D、The practical need for reading.
答案
D
解析
由第二段第一句“在众多因素中,实用性(usefulness)可能是最具有决定性的因素”可知答案为[D]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/52XK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
TheTransactionoftheMentalHealthyQuestionofUniversityStudentLet’sbefrank:collegecanbetough.Accordingtoa20
StevewantstotraveltoLondonbytraininsteadofbusbecause
Undermorefavorableconditions,he______agreatgeneralbutheonlyendedupascaptain.
Elections选举Surprisesoftencomeinboxes./Birthdaypresentswrappedincolorfulpaper,brownpaperpackagesmailedfroma
Highereducationisn’tforeveryone,andpeoplehaveavarietyofpathstochoosefromoncetheygraduatefromhighschool.They
Thechocolatebarmanufactureratthecentreofanextortionthreatsaysthere’snoconfirmedlinkbetweenitsproductsandilln
OnacoldJanuarymorningin1936,GeorgeVwasgivenaking’sburial.Followinghiscoffinwashiseldestson,thehandsome,mu
Iwishyou______Jimsomuch.Heisstillverydepressed.
Ourschoollibraryis______closedforrepairs.
Withfavorableweatherconditions,itwasa(n)______momenttosetsail.
随机试题
用邻二氮杂菲测铁时所用的波长属于()。
根据医疗文件书写要求,下列哪项不妥()。
积聚的诊断依据包括()
某工程公司同银行签订贷款合同,合同中有银行要求企业定期向银行提交财务报表,不准出售较多资产,按时纳税,限制租赁的规模等内容的条款,这些条款属于______。
由于短期移动平均线较长期移动平均线更易于反应行情价格的涨跌,所以一般又把短期移动平均线称为快速MA,长期移动平均线则称为慢速MA。()
连接有机体和无机环境的两个重要环节是()。
李湘是一个十分聪明的学生,他的最大特点就是贪玩,学习不用功。每次考试前他都存有侥幸心理,希望能够靠运气过关。这次期末考试他考得不理想,他认为这次是自己的运气太差了。请运用韦纳的归因理论来分析:如不正确,正确的归因应该是怎样的?
一、铁路常旅客会员积分累积规则(1)会员购买列车车票,并实际乘车到站后获得积分累积。(2)国际列车车票、积分兑换的奖励车票、列车补票、到站补票、非实名制车票暂不参与积分累积。(3)乘车积分=票面价格×5,积分以“分”为单位,按四舍五入取整计算。(4
级数(a>0)().
ThirstforOilWorldwideeveryday,wedevourtheenergyequivalentofabout200millionbarrelsofOil.Mostoftheenergy
最新回复
(
0
)