首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
If they were just another product, the market would work its usual magic-supply would respond to high prices and rise to meet su
If they were just another product, the market would work its usual magic-supply would respond to high prices and rise to meet su
admin
2015-10-20
104
问题
If they were just another product, the market would work its usual magic-supply would respond to high prices and rise to meet surging demand. But human kidneys are no ordinary commodity. Trading them is banned in most countries. So supply depends largely on the charity of individuals. Unsurprisingly, with altruism the only incentive, not enough people offer.
Kidneys are the subject of a quietly growing global drama. As people in the rich world live longer and grow fatter, queues for kidneys are lengthening fast: at a rate of 7% a year in America, for example, where last year 4,039 people died waiting. Doctors are allowing older and more sluggish kidneys to be transplanted. Ailing, rich patients are buying kidneys from the poor and desperate in
burgeoning
black markets.
In the face of all this, most countries are sticking with the worst of all policy options. Governments place the burden on their citizens to volunteer organs. A few European countries, including Spain, manage to push up supply a bit by presuming citizens’ consent to having their organs transplanted when they die unless they specify otherwise. Whether or not such presumed consent is morally right, it does not solve the supply problem, in Spain or elsewhere. On the other hand, if just 0.06% of healthy Americans aged between 19 and 65 parted with one kidney, the country would have no waiting list.
The way to encourage this is to legalize the sale of kidneys. That’s what Iran has done. An officially approved patients’ organization oversees the transactions. Donors get $2,000-4,000. The waiting list has been eliminated. Many people will find the very idea of individuals selling their organs repulsive. Yet an organ market, in body parts of deceased people, already exists. Companies make millions out of it. It seems perverse, then, to exclude individuals.
With proper regulation, a kidney market would be a big improvement on the current, sorry state of affairs. Sellers could be checked for disease and drug use, and cared for after operations. They could, for instance, receive health insurance as part of their payment—which would be cheap because properly screened donors appear to live longer than the average Joe with two kidneys. Buyers would get better kidneys, faster. Both sellers and buyers would do better than in the illegal market, where much of the money goes to the middleman. Instinct often trumps logic. Sometimes that’s right. But in this case, the instinct that selling bits of oneself is wrong leads to many premature deaths and much suffering. The logical answer, in this case, is the humane one.
According to the author, policies adopted by most countries are bad in that
选项
A、they actually force citizens to donate organs.
B、the presumed consent is not morally right.
C、they fail to increase supply to an expected level.
D、people donate organs because it is voluntary.
答案
C
解析
事实细节题.考查因果细节。根据policies定位到第三段。该段首句为本段主题句,接下来以少数欧洲国家为例(如西班牙)说明为什么是最坏的政策选择,指出了这是因为这些政策没能解决肾脏供给问题,故C项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/53zZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandtoolsofintelligenceisrarelyaccidental.Instead,itisusuallytheproductofh
Theinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandtoolsofintelligenceisrarelyaccidental.Instead,itisusuallytheproductofh
ItcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthatAformerheadofUNisquotedin
Weassumedethicsneededthesealofcertainty,elseitwasnon-rational.Andcertaintywastobeproducedbyadeductivemodel:
Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDanAriely’snewbook"The(Honest)TruthAboutD
Lookaroundtheworldandtheforcesaremassing.OnonesideareCalifornianprisonguards,Britishpolicemen,Frenchrailworke
Californiaishavingproblemswithitsdeathpenalty.Ithasn’texecutedanyonesince2006,whenafederalcourtruledthatits
Americanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notschola
Americanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notschola
随机试题
患儿,4岁。右前臂骨折后行石膏管型固定,2小时后出现手部苍白、发凉,桡动脉搏动减弱,不让人碰右手手指,一碰即大哭不止。在确诊后,对此并发症最有效的处理措施是
甲、乙、丙、丁、戊拟共同组建一饮料有限责任公司,注册资本200万元,其中甲、乙各以货币20万元、30万元出资;丙以实物出资,经评估机构评估为40万元;丁以其一项高新专利技术出资,作价100万元;戊以劳务出资,经全体出资人同意作价10万元。全体股东首次出资额
(2008年)匀质杆AB长l,质量m,质心为C,点D距点A为,(见图4—53)。杆对通过点D且垂直于AB的轴y的转动惯量为()。
雇主在评价建议书时,尤其重视()。
大跨度悬索桥的刚架式桥塔通常采用()。
在FIDIC于1999年出版的新型合同条件下,没有业主委托的工程师这一角色的合同条件是()。
下列关于年金的说法中,正确的有()。I.教育费支出属于期初年金Ⅱ.期初年金的现值大于期末年金的现值Ⅲ.期末年金的终值大于期初年金的终值Ⅳ.房贷支出属于期初年金
下列学派、代表人物及其教育思想对应错误的是()
ExploretheScottishHighlandswithBaketbahTravelandTours!Ifyou’relookingforafunandeducationaltourof
Wheredoestheannouncementtakeplace?
最新回复
(
0
)