首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the 1960s, the Pharmaceutical Company Sandoz marketed its tranquilizer Serentil with ads suggesting the drug be prescribed to
In the 1960s, the Pharmaceutical Company Sandoz marketed its tranquilizer Serentil with ads suggesting the drug be prescribed to
admin
2010-01-10
24
问题
In the 1960s, the Pharmaceutical Company Sandoz marketed its tranquilizer Serentil with ads suggesting the drug be prescribed to "the newcomer in town who can’t make friends and the woman who can’t get along with her new daughter-in-law. The executive who can’t accept retirement." But the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stopped the ads. Drugs are supposed to treat illnesses, the agency said, not the changes of living.
Isn’t that an unusual idea? The FDA was worried back then about an overmedicated society. Today 7% of Americans are on antidepressants (many more have tried them), and ads try to persuade people to buy drugs for problems like fatigue, loneliness and sadness. Still, drug companies aren’t the (sole) villain. Horwitz, dean of social and behavioral sciences at Rutgers, and Wakefield, an expert on mental-illness diagnosis at New York University, persuasively argue that many instances of normal sadness are now misdiagnosed as depressive disorder. They also point out that the capacity to feel sad is an evolutionarily selected trait that we might not want to drug away.
We’ve been living in an age of sadness for at lease two decades. But while it’s tempting to blame our culture — fear of terrorists, too much caffeine — there’s a more straightforward explanation for the boom in sadness. In 1980, the American Psychiatric Association published a new definition of depression that was a radical departure from the old one, which had described "depressive neurosis" as "an excessive reaction of depression due to an internal conflict or to an identifiable event such as the loss of a love object." To be diagnosed with major depressive disorder today, you need have only five symptoms for two weeks, which can include depressed mood, weight gain, insomnia, fatigue and indecisiveness. The definition does make an exception for bereavement: if you recently lost a loved one, such symptoms are not considered disordered. But it doesn’t make exceptions for other things that make us sad — divorce or financial stress.
Still, is there anything wrong with medicating normal sadness if you don’t mind side effects? Horwitz and Wakefield take no position on this. They point out that women giving birth take painkillers even though pain is a normal part of the process. But they also note that "loss responses are part of our biological heritage." Nonhuman primates separated from sexual partners or peers have physiological responses that correlate with sadness. Human infants express despair to evoke sympathy from others. These sadness responses suggest sorrow is genetic and that it is useful for attracting social support, protecting us from aggressors and teaching us that whatever prompted the sadness — say, getting fired because you were always late to work — is behavior to be avoided. This is a brutal economic approach to the mind, but it makes sense: we are sometimes meant to suffer emotional pain so that we will make better choices.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a symptom of major depressive disorder?
选项
A、Inability to sleep.
B、Grief over death.
C、Weariness.
D、Weight gain.
答案
B
解析
这个题目主要考的是同义词。解题句是第三段的"you need have only five symptoms for two weeks,which can include depressed mood,weight gain,insomnia,fatigue and indecisiveness.”(一般会有五种症状,维持两个星期。主要包括:郁闷的心情,增肥,失眠,疲劳和不安。)C选项的意思是疲倦的,所以选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/570O777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Anothercriticalfactorthatplaysapartinsusceptibilitytocoldsisage.AstudydonebytheUniversityofMichiganSchoolo
Scientistsstudyingtheactivityofthelivingbrainwithwidelyusednewimagingtechniqueshavebeenmissingsomeoftheearli
ThePresidentiscertaintoknowtheresultofthisvoteasa(n)______forfurtherconomicdecision-making.
Becausethisareahasahighrateofcrimeandunemployment,thereareonlypeoplemovingout.
TheCentralBankisinterestedinhowmuchmoneyisin______intheeconomy.
St.Patrick’sDayiscelebratedonMarch17,hisreligiousfeastdayandtheanniversaryofhisdeathinthefifthcentury.Lege
TheSecretary-Generalsaidthattakingtimetoreviewthecostmayhelpbuildingtrustbetweenthetwoparties.
BlairAdmitsNeverHavingSentFlowerstoHisWifeBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairadmittedonatelevisionprogrammethat
A、Heranxiety.B、Hermistake.C、Herexcitement.D、Hersuccess.D
Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,says
随机试题
吕大爷是糖尿病患者,他的老伴吕大妈十分注意调配他的饮食。吕大妈认为血糖高是因为吃糖引起的,只要饮食中没有糖就不用吃药了。近期,吕大爷因糖尿病并发症住院治疗。出院前,社会工作者小王邀请医生再次向吕大爷夫妇详细讲解了糖尿病与饮食和生活方式的关系,以及控制血糖和
集我国16世纪以前药学大成的本草著作是
组织学表现为恶性者所占比例很高的疾病是
清胆利湿,和胃化痰的方剂是()寒热平调,散结除痰的方剂是()
关于黑社会性质组织犯罪的认定问题,下列说法哪些是正确的?()(2003年卷二第43题)
关于工程咨询公司的不同资质等级所承担的业务范围表述正确的是()。
隧道竣工后,应在直线地段每( )m处加测断面处,测绘以中路线中线为准隧道实际净空。
财务报告企业可以根据需要不定期的编制。( )
根据维纳的两维成败归因理论,稳定的内在原因是()。
Readingliteraturedoesn’tjustimproveyourpowerofimagination./Italsoexpandsyourcapacityforcreativereasoning./As
最新回复
(
0
)