首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Historically, the European Union has not bothered with funding much basic scientific research. Such activities have mainly remai
Historically, the European Union has not bothered with funding much basic scientific research. Such activities have mainly remai
admin
2010-11-27
27
问题
Historically, the European Union has not bothered with funding much basic scientific research. Such activities have mainly remained the preserve of national governments, not least because giving scientists free rein can lead to discoveries that not only make money but ultimately enhance military might.
That attitude is now changing. The European Commission proposes to establish a European Research Council(ERC) that would spend a maximum of 12 billion($14 billion) over seven years on" blue skies" research. While the plans are being generally welcomed by Europe’s member states, their details are problematic. The proposed ERC is intended to make Europe more competitive. Europe has some first-class universities, scientific institutions and research organizations, But, the ERC’s proponents argue, their activities are fragmented, so they are not reaching their full potential.
In America, teams from across the country compete with each other for grants from the National Science Foundation. The proposed ERC is modeled on this scheme, It would award grants to individual research teams for a specific project, solely on the basis of scientific merit judged by peer review, If the ERC were created, scientists from across Europe would compete with each other for funds, rather than merely competing with their fellow countrymen, as hap pens at present.
This compares with the limited funding for basic research that currently exists in the EU, which places its emphasis on collaboration between researchers. It is open only to researchers in a narrow range of disciplines chosen by the European Parliament and the commission. The ERC would be quite different, placing its emphasis on competition between researchers and leaving scientists themselves to decide which areas of science to pursue. Helga Nowotny, who chairs the European Research Advisory Board—an advisory body to the commission—says that winning a grant from the ERC could come to be seen as unmistakable recognition of research excellence.
The quality of European research needs to be stepped up a notch. Between 1980 and 2003, Europe had 68 Nobel laureates in medicine, physics and chemistry compared with 154 in America. With competition from China and India, Europe’s share could fall further.
One of the reasons for Europe’s relatively weak performance is thought to be a lack of genuine competition between Europe’s researchers. Another is its poor ability to attract young people into a research career. Recent estimates suggest that Europe needs an extra 700,000 researchers if it is to meet its overall target of raising spending (private, national and EU) on research and development to 3% of GDP by 2010. Many young scientists leave Europe for America once they have finished their training. Dr. Nowotny says the ERC could help here too. It could establish a scheme to give young researchers the opportunity to follow their own ideas and become independent at an earlier stage in their careers, encouraging talent to stay in Europe.
The crucial issue now is whether the ERC will be able to set its own research agenda, free from the interference and bureaucracy of the commission and influence of member states. Last month, 22 leading European scientists charged with shaping the ERC’s scientific strategy met for the first time to start hammering out a charter and constitution. Serious concerns remain over the legal structure of the body.
The final decision on the ERC’s legal form, on a date yet unspecified, rests with the European Parliament and member states in the European Council. If both are genuine in their support for the ERC and Europe’s aim of becoming more competitive, then they must find a way of keeping the ERC free from political interference. Europe would benefit from a competition for its best researchers which rewards scientific excellence. A quasi-competition that recognizes how many votes each member state is allotted would be pointless.
选项
A、Because they don’t want to be bothered with those basic researches.
B、Because national governments take them as their sole preserve.
C、Because member countries want to keep the benefits to themselves.
D、Because scientist from the member countries couldn’t compete.
答案
C
解析
原因细节题。文章第一段末尾提到"因为给予科学家自由发挥的权利就会导致一些发现,这些发现不仅能够挣钱而且最终能够增强军事实力",由此看出欧盟内的国家自己资助科学研究的原因是不想与别人分享成果,也就是把科研的好处留给自己。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/5DZ4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Whyisn’ttheworldsingingthepraiseoftheNBA?What’stheauthor’sattitudeaboutNBAasa"bridge"?
Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutthestateofcollegestudents’mentalhealth,followedbyalistofexamples.Choosethebest
Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolon
Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA—Gtofitintoeachoft
Youarepreparinganopeningremarkatadiscussionon"Booksareourbestfriends".Yourremarkshouldcover:1)theva
Whatisitthatbringsaboutsuchanintimateconnectionbetweenlanguageandthinking?Istherenothinkingwithouttheuseof
KarlVonLinne(orLinnaeus,asheiswidelyknown)wasaSwedishbiologistwhodevisedthesystemofLatinisedscientificnames
ItmaybejustaswellforOxfordUniversity’sreputationthatthisweek’smeetingofCongregation,its3,552-stronggoverningb
OneofgoalssetbytheEuropeanUnion’sLisbonsummitisto______.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?
Inthispart,youareaskedtowritealetterofapplicationforthepositionasdirectorofabigcomputertrainingcenter.Try
随机试题
在拆卸困难的场合宜用()
在常温下为液态生物碱的是
甲、乙、丙、丁四个国有企业和戊有限责任公司投资设立己股份有限公司,注册资本为8000万元。2008年8月1目,己公司召开的董事会会议情形如下:(1)该公司共有董事7人,有5人亲自出席。列席本次董事会的监事A向会议提交另一名因故不能到会的董事出具的代为行使表
申报标识查验用的“样衣”是客户提供的样板,而不是生产的产品。( )
下列不属于统计数据质量要求的是()。
A公司2×19年1月1日从C公司购入一台不需要安装的N型机器作为固定资产使用,该机器已收到。购货合同约定,N型机器的总价款为2000万元。A公司分3年支付,2×19年12月31日支付1000万元,2×20年12月31日支付600万元,2×21年12月31日
金老师因为体罚学生被依法撤销教师资格,则其自撤销之日起()年内不得重新申请认定教师资格。
如果把实际情况比作“地形”,理论就是“地图”。当实际情况发生很大变化的时候,我们不要期望按照“地图”来修正”地形”,而只能是根据“地形”来矫正“地图”。根据“地形”来矫正“地图”的哲学依据是()。①意识对物质具有能动的反作用
根据所给资料.回答以下问题。2012年,全国房地产开发投资71804亿元,比上年增长16.2%,增速比2011年回落11.9个百分点,其中,住宅投资49374亿元,增长11.4%。2012年,全国商品房销售面积111304万平方米,比上年增长1.8%,
有些男人还在怀念昔日以男子为中心的年代。那时,他们下了班回家,热腾腾的晚餐已摆好在桌上,妻子儿女围上来问寒问暖;家中大事小事多由自己作主,因为男人作为一家之主承担了全家经济生活的来源。妇女走出家门就业后,男人的供养职责相对减小,在家庭的地位也变得不像从前那
最新回复
(
0
)