首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be,
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be,
admin
2013-02-03
61
问题
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be, becoming at one with the universe as they breathe in the mind-numbing fumes all around. At worst, it is an on-going battle for sanity. But now, according to several groups of researchers in America and Germany, there is something that drivers can do to take back control over the roads. Get adaptive cruise control. And, of course, use it.
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) , as its name suggests, is a modified version of traditional cruise control. It employs radar to monitor the road ahead of a vehicle, automatically adjusting that vehicle’s speed to maintain a safe distance from the one in front. This is safer than manual driving because it reduces the system’s reaction time from nearly a second (human) to practically instantaneous (machine) , thus helping to forestall shunts. But ACC may have a useful side-effect, arising from the fact that another effect of slow human reaction times is to produce traffic jams on apparently open roads.
Such jams start when a car slows suddenly to allow, for example, another vehicle to enter the traffic stream. Slow reaction times mean that instead of responding smoothly, the drivers behind such a vehicle often end up slamming on the brakes. That slamming propagates backwards, and before long the traffic is at a standstill. So it makes sense that ACC would reduce not only collisions, but also congestion. What is unexpected is how few vehicles need to have it operating for all to benefit. As Craig Davis of the University of Michigan reports in Physical Review E, only 20% of cars need to employ ACC in order to prevent completely those jams that are caused by a slow lead car on a high-speed, single-lane road. According to Dr. Davis’s computer model, even a rate of use of ACC as low as 13% can improve the flow of traffic significantly.
ACC is not a panacea. Dr. Davis got less promising results for more complex road conditions, particularly those near junctions. And a similar model built by Boris Kerner, a researcher for Daimlet Chrysler, in Stuttgart, Germany, indicates that in certain bottleneck conditions, ACC may even cause extra congestion. These disappointing results can, however, be ameliorated by shortening the "headway" in ACC-equipped vehicles, according to Martin Treiber of the Dresden University of Technology, also in Germany.
Headway is the gap, measured in seconds, that a driver puts between himself and the car ahead. Since ACC reacts more quickly than a human, people who have it fitted can afford to allow less headway.
Summary :
Stationary traffic can drive people mad. However, according to American and German researchers, adaptive cruise control (ACC) can help drivers take【61】. ACC adapts a car’s speed to keep a safe distance from the one ahead by using radar to monitor the road ahead. ACC is safer than manual driving because it significantly reduces the system’s【62】, and collisions and congestion in addition. According to Dr. Davis’ computer model, if【63】of cars use ACC, the flow of traffic can be improved significantly. However, ACC should not be seen as a panacea. In【64】conditions, it may even cause extra jams, according to a computer model. But this situation can be improved by reducing【65】in ACC-equipped vehicles.
选项
答案
back control
解析
(第一段末尾,…there is something that drivers can do to take back control over the roads. Get adaptive cruise control,即ACC可以让司机们可以重新掌控道路状况。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/5GyK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
Findthemissingnumber.
IfITHOTN(Oscar-winningfilm)isINTHEHEARTOFTHENIGHT,whatdothefollowinginitialsrepresent?KOTG(parknotice)______
WhilebaseballisoftendescribedasthenationalsportoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,itprobablydevelopedfromaneighteent
Likepeople,eachcountryhasuniquecharacteristics.Manycountriesareknownbytheproductstheyproduce.Theseproductsare
Theaverageautomatictellermachine(ATM)isnotverysmart.Itwillgivemoneytoanyonewhohastherightcardandpunchesfour
Thedemandforenergyiscertaintoincrease...asaneverlargerpopulationstrivestoimproveitsstandardofliving.Petroleum
UnusualincidentsarebeingreportedacrosstheArctic.Inuitfamiliesgoingoffonsnowmobilestopreparetheirsummerhuntingc
UnusualincidentsarebeingreportedacrosstheArctic.Inuitfamiliesgoingoffonsnowmobilestopreparetheirsummerhuntingc
Thesubversionattemptsprovedpredictablyfutile.
Whenwevisitedtheplace,workontheconstructionsitewasatfull______andalltheworkersseemedtobeworkingveryhard.
随机试题
对于新人职员工以及在校学生应预扣预缴个税的规定,以下说法错误的是()。
A.酪氨酸酶缺乏B.6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶分子缺陷C.苯丙氨酸羟化酶缺乏D.胆碱酯酶不可逆性抑制E.巯基酶不可逆性抑制蚕豆病
子宫颈癌的好发部位是
病灶定位在。最可能的病因是
依我国《刑事诉讼法》的有关规定,下列说法正确的是哪一项?()
关于贩卖毒品罪,下列说法错误的是:()
期间核查的目的是()。
中国半殖民地半封建社会开端于()。
茶叶因生长环境的差异而带有不同的味道,一些品茶专家根据多年的经验品一品便知茶叶的产区在哪里。这表明()。
2015年6月29日,《亚洲基础设施投资银行协定》签署仪式在北京人民大会堂举行。《亚洲基础设施投资银行协定》的签署,标志着
最新回复
(
0
)