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  3. When two of the world’s richest and mightiest men pledge to destroy an enemy, it is time to pay attention. Bill Gates, the forme

When two of the world’s richest and mightiest men pledge to destroy an enemy, it is time to pay attention. Bill Gates, the forme

admin2011-03-11  55
问题     When two of the world’s richest and mightiest men pledge to destroy an enemy, it is time to pay attention. Bill Gates, the former boss of Microsoft who now devotes all his time to his charitable foundation, travelled this week to New York, the city run by Michael Bloomberg, to join his fellow billionaire’s campaign to stamp out smoking.  
    Have the two potentates met their match? Despite decades of work by health campaigners, more than one billion people still smoke today. Smoking kills up to half of those who fail to quit puffing, reducing their lives by an average of 10 to 15 years. The World Health Organisation (WHO) says more than 5 million people a year die early from the effects (direct or indirect) of tobacco. That exceeds the combined toll of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.  
    Despite that dismal situation, there are three reasons to give the latest pair of campaigners a slim chance of success: money, methods and motivation. Messrs Gates and Bloomberg vowed to spend a combined total of $ 500 million on discouraging the weed. Since Mr. Bloomberg’s charity had already announced an award of $125 million earlier, the new money pledged this week totalled a "mere"  $ 375 million:  $ 250 million from the mayor, and a fresh $ 125 million from the software magnate’s philanthropic outfit.  
    How will this cash be spent? In quite innovative ways, and that is a second reason for optimism. Hitherto, most anti-smoking funds have been channelled through a few large bureaucracies. But Mr. Bloomberg’s charity wants to let a thousand flowers bloom: in other words, to lend a hand to many initiatives, both public and private, to see what works. There will be a competitive grant scheme for poor countries where the tobacco habit is spreading.  
    The very fact that two giants are teaming up is a landmark in American philanthropy- comparable to Warren Buffett’s decision, two years ago, to put his fortune at the disposal of Mr. Gates’ foundation. As part of their joint commitment, Mr. Gates is giving some of his $ 125 million directly to Mr. Bloomberg’s charity; the rest will go to carefully monitored projects in India, China and other places where the number of smokers is rising relentlessly.  
    Then there is motivation. There are other big players in this cause, and that should induce every new entrant to try bringing something fresh to the party. Earlier this year the WHO started a campaign against tobacco known as MPower. One of its selling points was that in contrast with many other projects, it had a fairly clear idea about what was needed. WHO experts have listed a series of tactics, ranging from aggressive public education to a rise in tobacco taxes, that deliver results. (Even if high taxes lead to some smuggling and diversion, studies done in Brazil, for example, show that fiscal measures do curb consumption. ) The World Bank, which funded that research, is also thought to be ready to join the anti-smoking scrum after years of paying little attention.  
    A crowded field, indeed.  But having an extra $ 500 million from two hard-driven billionaires surely won’t hurt.
According to the text, how will the money be spent?
选项 A、On government-lead projects only.
B、On either public or private projects, as long as it works.
C、Mainly on promoting anti-smoking campaign in developing countries.
D、On supporting the law suits against tobacco companies.
答案B
解析 关于资金如何分配，文中说与以前政府主导的项目不同，这次要达到一种百花齐放的效果，只要能够起作用，政府的或者私人的计划就可以享受这些资金的资助。那么结 合选项，B最符合题干。A项是以前的做法，C项和D项在文中都没有相关表述。   
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