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  3. Successful scientists have often been people with wide interests. Their originality may have derived from their diverse knowledg

Successful scientists have often been people with wide interests. Their originality may have derived from their diverse knowledg

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问题     Successful scientists have often been people with wide interests. Their originality may have derived from their diverse knowledge. Originality often consists in linking up ideas whose connection was not previously suspected.  Furthermore, variety stimulates freshness of outlook whereas too constant study of a narrow field predisposes (使先倾向于) to dullness. Therefore reading ought not to be confined to the problem under investigation nor even to one’s own field of science, nor, indeed, to science alone. However, outside one’s immediate interests, in order to minimize time spent in reading, one can read for the most part superficially, relying on summaries and reviews to keep up with major developments. Unless the research worker cultivates wide interests, his knowledge may get narrower and narrower and restricted to his own specialty. One of the advantages of teaching is that it obliges the scientist to keep informed of developments in a wider field than he otherwise would.
    It is more important to have a clear understanding of general principles, without, however, thinking of them as fixed laws, than to load the mind with a mass of detailed technical information which can readily be found in reference books or card indexes. For creative thinking, it is more important to see the wood than the trees; the student is in danger of being able to see only the trees. The scientist with a mature mind, who has reflected a good deal on scientific matters, has not only had time to accumulate technical details but has acquired enough perspective to see the wood.
    Nothing that has been said above ought to be interpreted as depreciating(贬低)the importance of acquiring a thorough grounding in the fundamental sciences. The value to be derived from superficial and "skim" reading over a wide field depends to a large extent on the reader having a background of knowledge which enables him quickly to assess the new work reported and grasp any significant findings. There is much truth in the saying that in science the mind of the adult can build only as high as the foundations constructed in youth will support.
The last sentence of the first paragraph can best be understood as______.
选项 A、most scientists are obliged to teach
B、a scientist may cultivate wide interests if he teaches as well
C、in order to keep up with developments in a wider field, teaching and research are both important
D、if a scientist does not teach, he is less likely to absorb diverse knowledge
答案D
解析 同义转述题。该题问“如何理解第一段的最后一句话?”该题要求准确理解文章第一段最后一句话的意思：科学家参与教学的好处之一是，他可以了解更广阔的领域，而不从事教学是无法做到这一点的。理解这句话有两个要点。一是“了解进展”，即“获取有关方面的知识”，而不是“培养兴趣”；二是，“不参与教学”是不可能有如此广阔的知识面的。[A]的意思是多数科学家必须参与教学，含义过宽，且过于武断。[D]侧重于“兴趣”。 [C]强调教学和科研二者都是同等重要的。而[D]的意思是，一个科学家若不参与教学就不如参与教学那样可以获得广博的知识，正好与文章中那句话的意思吻合。可见，[D]为正确答案。
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