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  3. The car has reshaped our cities. It seems to offer autonomy for everyone. There is something almost delightful in the detachment

The car has reshaped our cities. It seems to offer autonomy for everyone. There is something almost delightful in the detachment

admin2021-08-12  51
问题     The car has reshaped our cities. It seems to offer autonomy for everyone. There is something almost delightful in the detachment from reality of advertisements showing mass-produced cars marketed as symbols of individuality and of freedom when most of their lives will be spent making short journeys on choked roads.
    For all the fuss made about top speeds, cornering ability and acceleration, the most useful gadgets on a modern car are those which work when you’re going very slowly: parking sensors, sound systems, and navigation apps which will show a way around upcoming traffic jams. This seems to be one of the few areas where the benefit of sharing personal information comes straight back to the sharer: because these apps know where almost all the users are, and how fast they are moving almost all the time, they can spot traffic congestion (堵塞) very quickly and suggest ways round it.
    The problem comes when everyone is using a navigation app which tells them to avoid everyone else using the same gadget. Traffic jams often appear where no one has enough information to avoid them. When a lucky few have access to the knowledge, they will benefit greatly. But when everyone has perfect information, traffic jams simply spread onto the side roads that seem to offer a way round them.
    This new congestion teaches us two things. The first is that the promises of technology will never be realised as fully as we hope; they will be limited by their unforeseen and unintended consequences. Sitting in a more comfortable car in a different traffic jam is pleasant but hardly the liberation that once seemed to be promised. The second is that self-organisation will not get us where we want to go. The efforts of millions of drivers to get ahead do not miraculously produce a situation in which everyone does better than before, but one in which almost everyone does rather worse. Central control and collective organisation can produce smoother and fairer outcomes, though even that much is never guaranteed.
    Similar limits can be foreseen for the much greater advances promised by self-driving cars. Last week, one operated by the taxi company Uber struck and killed a woman pushing her bicycle across a wide road in Arizona. This was the first recorded death involving a car which was supposed to be fully autonomous. Experts have said that it suggests a "catastrophic failure" of technology.
    Increasingly, even Silicon Valley has to acknowledge the costs of the intoxicating (令人陶醉的) hurry that characterises its culture. What traffic teaches us is that reckless and uncontrolled change is as likely to harm us as it is to benefit us, and that thoughtful regulation is necessary for a better future.
What key message does the author try to convey in the passage?
选项 A、The consequences of technological innovation need not be exaggerated.
B、There is always a price to pay to develop technology for a better world.
C、Technological innovation should be properly regulated.
D、The culture of Silicon Valley ought not to be emulated.
答案C
解析 由题干中的key message定位至全文，通过通览全文来解题。主旨大意题。由原文可知，技术进步后，汽车带来的并不是它所承诺的自由与自主，而是一些新的问题。最后一段指出，不计后果和不受控制的改变对我们可能既有利又有弊，更美好的未来需要深思熟虑后的监管，故答案为C)。根据第五段中技术的“灾难性失败”及第六段中“硅谷也不得不承认其令人陶醉的急躁的文化特点所带来的代价”可知，作者认为技术创新确实造成了不可低估的后果，所以不必夸大技术创新的后果并不是作者要传达的观点，故排除A)；作者提到硅谷承认发展技术的代价是为了说明技术创新需要监管，而不是强调为建设一个更美好的世界而发展技术总是要付出代价，更不是说硅谷的文化不应该被效仿，故排除B)和D)。
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