The most consistently identified teacher effectiveness variable is time on task. That is, the more time that students spend on

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问题     The most consistently identified teacher effectiveness
variable is time on task. That is, the more time that students spend
on learning specific academic content, the better they will learn it.
Distinction is made between allocated time on task(the time that
teachers allocate to particular instructional activities)and engaged
time on task(the time that students actually spend engaged in
instruction). Because no consistent relation has been seen between【M1】______
allocated time on task and academic achievement, research has
demonstrated that engaged time on task is positive related to【M2】______
academic achievement.
    Strategies for maximizing engaged time on task have been
identified and included effectively managing transitions, avoiding【M3】______
digressions and other irrelevant verbalizations, and manage【M4】______
classroom behavior. Sometimes, teachers can improve
student-engaged time on task by examining the amount of
allocated time for class and monitoring their own teacher
behaviors more closely. For example, teachers may find that they
start classes 5 minutes late, end classes 5 minutes early, stop
during the middle of class to search for relevant instructional
materials, and stop to manage appropriate classroom behaviors.【M5】______
Once such target areas are identified, teachers can design strategies
to improve each area that will lead in increasing the amount of【M6】______
student-engaged time on task during classes.
    Effective teacher presentations have also been identified.
Teachers minimize achievement when their presentations contain【M7】______
elements as structure of lesson, clarity of teacher presentation,【M8】______
redundancy in emphasizing important concepts, and enthusiasm.
Structure includes listing students’ attention, providing a lesson【M9】______
overview that includes lesson objectives, providing outlines of the
lesson and to indicating when transitional points occur, and【M10】______
summarizing and reviewing key points as the lesson proceeds.
【M5】

选项

答案appropriate一inappropriate

解析 语篇错误。该句正是作者在举例说明如何在课堂上提高学生的任务投人时间,所有的行为应该都是为了这个目的而服务的,如果在课堂上还要停下来去管理“不恰当的”课堂行为,则和这个目的背道而驰。所以,根据上下文语境,要改为inappropriate,使语义正确通顺。
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