The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and h

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问题     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and anesthetics. Patients do not often believe they really need surgery-cutting into a part of the body as opposed treatment with drugs.
    In the early years of this century there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been devised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be cleaned out, and broken ones mended or replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or even part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.
    The scope of surgery has increased remarkably in this century. Its safety has increased too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in newborn babies, and, at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operations for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.
A heart surgery has been possible ______.

选项 A、only in the last fifty years
B、from prehistoric times
C、since the nineteenth century
D、since the invention of valves

答案C

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句至第五句及第三段中的前两句话可知,心脏手术可能始于19世纪,所以答案为C。
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