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  3. It’s fairly well known that a bad diet, a lack of exercise, and genetics can all contribute to type 2 diabetes. But a new global

It’s fairly well known that a bad diet, a lack of exercise, and genetics can all contribute to type 2 diabetes. But a new global

admin2021-02-21  56
问题     It’s fairly well known that a bad diet, a lack of exercise, and genetics can all contribute to type 2 diabetes. But a new global study points to an additional, surprising culprit: the air pollution emitted by cars and trucks.
    Though other research has shown a link between diabetes and air pollution in the past, this study is one of the largest of its kind, and it’s unique because it both is longitudinal and includes several types of controls. What’s more, it also quantifies exactly how many diabetes cases in the world are attributable to air pollution; 14 percent in 2016 alone. In the United States, it found, air pollution is responsible for 150,000 cases of diabetes.
    The study, published in The Lancet Planetary Health, linked data from 1. 7 million American veterans who had been followed for a median of 8. 5 years with air data from the EPA and NASA. It also aggregated past international research on diabetes and air pollution to devise a model to estimate diabetes risk based on the level of pollution, and it used the Global Burden of Disease study to estimate how many years of healthy life were lost due to this air-pollution-induced diabetes. Globally, 8. 2 million years of healthy life were lost in 2016 to pollution-linked diabetes, it showed.
    The study authors controlled for things like obesity and BMI, so it wasn’t the case that heavier people simply lived in more polluted neighborhoods and were also more likely to get diabetes.
    The particles examined in this study are known as PM2. 5, or particulate matter that’s 2. 5 micrometers big—30 times smaller than a human hair. They are emitted by various types of industry and fuel burning, but in the United States, the biggest source of PM2. 5 is cars, says Ziyad Al-Aly, the study’s senior author and an assistant professor of medicine at Washington University at St. Louis. When there’s lots of PM2. 5 in the air, the air might look smoggy or hazy. In lighter concentrations, the particles are invisible.
What’s this passage mainly about?
选项 A、PM2. 5 particles are invisible in lighter concentrations.
B、A study solidifies the link between particulates from cars and diabetes.
C、Air pollution is very serious in America.
D、A study is very successful and important.
答案B
解析 主旨题。总结文章的主要内容，需要通读文章之后再做判断，片面的选项都不能概括文章全貌。[A]是文章中的一句话，没有概括性；[C]“空气污染在美国很严重”也不是文章的重点；[D]“一个研究很成功很重要”也太过片面；能够概括全文重点的只有[B]“一项研究强化了汽车排放的颗粒物与糖尿病之间的联系”。因此应该选择[B]。
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