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  3. What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growth will depend? He discusses three

What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growth will depend? He discusses three

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问题     What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growth will depend? He discusses three categories of such industries. The first of these is the information industry. This industry collects, stores, spreads, and applies knowledge. It depends on the computer. In the future, however, the computer itself will probably become less important than communicating and applying knowledge. Drucker foresees a central computer that will make information available to everyone. Another source of new industries is the science of the oceans. New technologies may help to supply food and minerals from the seas. A third new source of economic growth is the materials industry. This industry provides the materials for making objects. one such industry that has already become economically important is the plastic industry. Drncker explains that throughout history our traditional materials have been metals, glass, natural fibers, and paper. Today, with the help of modem science, industries can make many new materials to meet specific needs. Because they will be created to fit a certain product, they will be highly efficient. Consequently, he points out, industries that supply traditional materials such as steel or glass will have trouble competing with those that produce these new materials.
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答案 经济增长要依靠知识为基础的新型产业。那么，德鲁克所主张的这种产业指的是什么呢?他论述了该产业的三大类型。第一种类型是信息产业。信息产业收集、储存、推广和应用知识，这都要靠电脑来完成。然而，在将来电脑本身也许不如交流知识和应用知识那样重要。德鲁克设想利用中央电脑将信息向所有的人开放。另一种新产业的源泉是海洋科学。新技术有助于从大海中获取食品和矿藏。第三种促进经济增长的新产业是材料产业。该产业能提供制造物品所需要的原料。其中的塑料工业已经显示出其经济方面的重要性。德鲁克解释说，有史以来，传统的材料一直是金属、玻璃、天然纤维和纸张。由于现代科学的发展，如今的工业能够生产许多种新材料以满足特殊的需要。由于新材料可适应特定产品的生产需要，因此效率极高。德鲁克指出：“传统的原材料工业，如钢铁工业或玻璃制造业，在与新材料工业的竞争中，将会遇到很大的麻烦。”
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