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  3. It goes against everybody’s inner cynic to read a sentence like the following: We are on the verge of the greatest age of creati

It goes against everybody’s inner cynic to read a sentence like the following: We are on the verge of the greatest age of creati

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问题     It goes against everybody’s inner cynic to read a sentence like the following: We are on the verge of the greatest age of creativity and innovation the world has ever known. Consider the following idea. Things, broadly speaking, used to be invented by small, shadowy elite. This mysterious group might be called "The People Who Happened to Be in the Room at the Time". These people might have been engineers, or sitcom writers, or chefs. They were probably very nice and might have even been very, very smart. But however smart they were, they’re almost certainly no match for a less elite but much, much larger group: All the People Outside the Room.
    Historically, that latter group hasn’t had much to do with innovation. These people buy and consume whatever gets invented inside the room, but that’s it. Until now it’s been kind of awkward getting them involved in the innovation process at all, because they’re not getting paid; plus it’s a pain to set up the conference call.
    But that’s changing. The authorship of innovation is shifting from the Few to the Many. The idea that lots of people, potentially everybody, can be involved in the process of innovation is both obvious and utterly transformative, and once you look for examples you start seeing them everywhere. Two things make this kind of innovation possible, one obvious and one not. The obvious one is the Internet. The other one, the surprising one, is a curious phenomenon you could call intellectual altruism. It turns out that given the opportunity, people will donate their time and brainpower to make the world better.
    You would think corporations would be falling all over themselves to make money off this new resource: a cheap R&D lab the approximate size of the earth’s online population. In fact, they have been slow to embrace it. Admittedly, it’s counterintuitive: until now the value of a piece of intellectual property has been defined by how few people possess it. In the future the value will be defined by how many people possess it. You could even imagine a future in which companies scrapped their R&D departments entirely and simply proposed questions for the global collective intelligence to mull. All that creative types like myself would have to do is sit back and harvest free, brilliant ideas from the brains of billions. Now that’s an idea my inner cynic can get behind.
The pronoun "that" in "But that’s changing. "(Line 1, Paragraph 3)probably refers to
选项 A、the fact that inventors are always those few smart people instead of those common people.
B、the situation that common people are not getting paid for their inventions.
C、the difficulty of setting up the conference call.
D、the fact that common people are buying and using inventions by those few inventors.
答案A
解析 第三段第一行But that’s changing．这句话中，代词that指代的内容可能是[A]发明者经常是那些少数的聪明人而不是那些普通人这一事实。[B]普通人的发明没有回报这一情况。[C]召开电话会议的困难。[D]普通人购买并使用少数发明者的发明这一事实。that出现在第三段的第一句话中。这句话与第二段提到的内容紧密相关，因此that指第二段中提到的情况。第二段的第一句话是该段的主题句，下面的内容都是对主题句的拓展和解释。所以that指的就是普通大众和发明创造没有太大关系这种情况。[A]与文意相符，为正确答案。[B]、[C]、[D]三项只是对上述情况的分析解释，不能完全概括其含义，所以均排除。下文中，第三段第二句话也可证明[A]为正确答案。
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