首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Three Concepts in Art History I. Commonalities - Certain chunk of【T1】_____,【T1】______ within which【T2】_____ were shared【T2】_____
Three Concepts in Art History I. Commonalities - Certain chunk of【T1】_____,【T1】______ within which【T2】_____ were shared【T2】_____
admin
2017-04-25
59
问题
Three Concepts in Art History
I. Commonalities
- Certain chunk of【T1】_____,【T1】______
within which【T2】_____ were shared【T2】______
II. Periodization
- A combination of【T3】_____【T3】______
- Periodizers use words to describe【T4】_____【T4】______
III. Rules of Periodization
A.【T5】_____【T5】______
- Newly discovered data result in【T6】_____ in periodization【T6】______
B. Era
- Usually long
C. Period
- Shorter than an era
- Sometimes used【T7】_____ with era【T7】______
- Catch-all category
- Two situations of using "period"
a)Significant ruler was dominant in a specific【T8】_____【T8】______
b)Nobody was taking control whatsoever
- Period may also be【T9】_____ to an artist【T9】______
e.g. Picasso’s "blue" and "rose" period
D. Movement
- Elements of movement
a)A band of artists
b)X amount of time
c)【T10】_____【T10】______
e.g. artistic style, common enemies etc.
- Impressionism
a)Explore new ways of depicting【T11】_____【T11】______
b)New techniques in【T12】_____【T12】______
c)Support artistic efforts
d)Hold their own【T13】_____【T13】______
e)Make the art establishment【T14】_____【T14】______
- Short-lived
- Less【T15】_____ in contemporary times【T15】______
【T10】
Three Concepts in Art History
Good morning everyone. Today we will continue our discussion in art history and we are going to focus on three important concepts in art: era period and movement. The words "era," "movement" and "period" are plastered all over Art History, but I don’t recall ever, in any class, going over what they are supposed to mean in comparison to one another. I can’t find any credible references, either, but I will do my best in my talk today to help you tell the differences between the three concepts.
First,[1]no matter whether era, period or movement is being employed in a situation, they all mean "historic chunk of time."[2]Secondly, art created during any of the three is distinguished by characteristics common to the era/period/ movement. Whichever term is being bandied about, these two factors apply.
The proper name of historic classification is "periodiza-tion."[3]Periodization seems to be a combination of art and science, and is only entrusted to serious professionals. It’s mostly science, as far as I can tell, because those in charge of periodizing use as many factual dates as are at their disposal.[4]The art part comes in when the periodizers have to use words to describe dates. Someone, somewhere, is always going to disagree with somebody else’s choice of words, with an end result that, occasionally, we’ve got more than one term for the same time frame.
There’s probably a strong argument for foregoing all of this English and using the Vulcan Mind Meld in this periodization business. Since that’s sadly not possible, here are a few rules of thumb about Art History periodization.
Rule of Thumb 1:[5]Periodization is elastic[6]It is subject to change if and when new data is discovered. This is not unusual in art history, as art is open to interpretation and understanding. There is no one single answer in art or art history.
Rule of Thumb 2: Regarding an Era. An era is usually long, as evidenced by the Baroque Era: around 200 years, if you count the Rococo phase. An even better example would be the Upper Late Paleolithic, an era which covered some 20,000 years’ worth of art and a bunch of geological changes. A note of warning, though. In recent years, "era" has come to be employed with shorter blocks of time, like "the Nixon era", but that hasn’t got much to do with Art History.
Rule of Thumb 3: Regarding a Period.[7]A period is generally shorter than an era, though they are sometimes used interchangeably. Going by the dictionary, a period should mean "any portion of time." In other words, period is a bit like the catch-all category in periodization. If we haven’t exact dates, or the chunk of time in question was not a specific era or movement, hey—"period" will suffice!
It seems to me that period mostly comes up in Art History when[8]some significant ruler was calling the shots in a specific geographic location. This happened a lot in the far East; Japanese history, in particular, is chock-full of periods. Nobody was in charge of anything, as was the case during the Migration Period in the European "Dark Ages."
To confuse things further, however, certain individuals may claim to have worked through this or that period. Picasso, for example, had himself both a "blue" period and a "rose" period.[9]So, a period may also be singular to an artist— though I feel it would be more considerate of the rest of us to refer to such as his or her "phase", "fling", "passing fancy" or "temporary insanity."
Rule of Thumb 4: Regarding a Movement. A movement is less slippery. It means that a group of artists banded together to pursue a certain commonality for "x" amount of time.[10]They had a specific objective in mind when they got together, whether it was a particular artistic style, political mindset, common enemy or what have you.
For example,[11]/[12]impressionism was a movement whose participants wanted to explore new ways of depicting light and color, and new techniques in brushwork Additionally, they were fed up with official salon channels and the politicking that went on there. Having their own movement allowed them three things: support one another in their artistic efforts,[13]hold their own exhibitions and[14]cause discomfort to the Art Establishment.
Movements are relatively short-lived things in Art History. For whatever reason—whether it is mission accomplished, boredom, personality clashes, etc.—artists tend to hang together for months or years and then drift apart. I think this has much to do with the solitary nature of being an artist, but that’s just my opinion. Additionally,[15]movements don’t seem to happen as frequently in contemporary times as they used to. Be that as it may, as one traverses Art History one sees a fair amount of movements, so it’s good to know what it meant, at least.
OK I think that’s all I have for the three concepts. Let me recap. We need to know that era, period and movement all stand for[l]/[2]"certain amounts of elapsed time, within which artistic characteristics were shared." This is the most important point. And I have explained the difference between the three concepts to you. In the future, when you read the art literature and come across these terms, recall what we’ve discussed today and you’ll understand the text much better.
选项
答案
Specific objectives
解析
本题问的是运动的要素有哪些。讲座中没有直接说出哪些是运动的要素,而是通过讲解运动的定义将其带出。讲座提到,运动里面的人要有明确的目标。填Specific objectives。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6bsK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Theword"walkman"hasenteredtheEnglishlanguagebythemethodof
Thoseerrorsoccurringasaresultoflearners’incorrectorpartialunderstandingofthetargetlanguageiscalled
Whenapidgincomestobeadoptedbyapopulationasitsprimarylanguage,andchildrenlearnitastheirfirstlanguage,thent
Whereistheprimarystressoftheword"morphology"?
Losingweightiseasierwhenthereismoneyontheline,U.S.researcherssaidonTuesday.Theysaidweight-lossprogramsthat
TheCubistmovementinartwasareactionagainsttraditionalmethodsofportrayreality.
CableTVhasexperiencedtremendousgrowthasanadvertisingmediumbecauseithassomeimportantadvantages.Aprimaryoneis
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitarypurposesthataroseduringWorldWarII.Thesecomp
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitarypurposesthataroseduringWorldWarII.Thesecomp
随机试题
采用长距离地下顶管技术施工时,通常在管道中设置中继环,其主要作用是()。
患者30岁,右前臂见一界限清楚的肿物,大小2.0cm×1.5cm×1.5cm,有轻微的麻木感和放射性痛,镜下大部分区域为波浪状纤细的梭形细胞伴黏液变性。免疫组化蛋白标记阳性的是
一般认为,甘草所含有效成分主要包括
关于可交换公司债券的期限,下列说法错误的有( )。
一般资料:求助者,男性,2l岁,高中学历,一年前来城市打工。下面是心理咨询师与求助者的一段咨询对话:心理咨询师:记得你上次临走时说一周之后再来咨询的,现在半年都过去了,你不觉得时间太长了吗?这次又有什么问题需要帮助?是新问题还是老问题?求助者:上次
SusanSontag(1933—2004)wasoneofthemostnoticeablefiguresintheworldofliterature.Formorethan40yearsshemadeitmor
【2013年淄博市属文昌湖区真题】教育与生产力的关系叙述不正确的是()。
对于一个长期遭受学业失败的学生,当在一次考试中取得较好的成绩,教师引导其进行合适的归因,能够取得最佳教学效果的原因类型是
从均值为μ,方差为σ2>0的总体中分别抽取容量为,n1和n2的两个独立样本,样本均值分别记为和,试证:对任意满足a+b=1的常数a、b,T=都是μ的无偏估计,并确定a、b,使D(T)达到最小.
Despitedecadesofscientificresearch,nooneyetknowshowmuchdamagehumanactivityisdoingtotheenvironment.Humansare
最新回复
(
0
)