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  3. The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industr

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industr

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问题     The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work【S1】______which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a【S2】______thought. But, in fact, it could offer the【S3】______of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
    Employment became【S4】______when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and【S5】______work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until,【S6】______, many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
    Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. It became【S7】______for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife.
    It was not only women whose work status【S8】______. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were【S9】______.
    All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of【S10】______many people to manage without full-time jobs.
A) amazing I) helping
B) concepts J) patterns
C) customary K) prospect
D) definitely L) removed
E) deprived M) suffered
F) discouraging N) vision
G) eventually O) widespread
H) excluded
【S9】
选项
答案H
解析 空格处缺少动词的过去分词与were构成被动结构作谓语。联系上句中的not only可知此句与其并列，也表示消极的意思，因此空格处应填的是表示消极意义的动词。此句句意是：随着雇佣制成为主要的工作形式，年轻人和老人被——。excluded意为“排除，驱除”，符合句意，故为答案。
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大学英语四级

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