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  3. The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous busine

The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous busine

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问题    The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers, but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared. Instead, many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible, with no regard for the implications for society at large.
   When selfish publishers set up shops online, the primary goal is to publish as much as possible, often at the cost of quality. In this respect, many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping (重叠的) disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing. In some cases, online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.
   If publishers structure their business to make more revenue, it often does harm to their products. When publishers start journals with overlapping domains, in combination with the pressure to publish more studies, this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles. Moreover, publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties (专业) increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers. With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort, journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.
   To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community, the pressure to publish must be reduced. Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications, but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.
   And that’s just the start. We need additional mechanisms, such as Beall’s list of predatory (掠夺的) publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles. In addition, the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.
What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?
选项 A、More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.
B、It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.
C、Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.
D、The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.
答案B
解析 推理判断题。定位句提到，必须控制在线出版的价格，并建立一个机制，以尊重和奖励努力工作的审稿人。由此推断，那些辛苦付出的审稿人值得奖励，故答案为B)。A)“应该更加重视出版物的数量”，第四段第二句明确指出，资金和推广决定不应取决于出版物的数量，而应以出版物的质量和研究人员的长期生产力和指令为基础，该项与原文意思不符，故排除；C)“假期刊应该报备给监管机构”，末段第二句提到我们需要其他机制，例如比尔的“掠夺性”出版商名单，以提醒科学家假期刊和假文章，并未提及监管机构，故排除；D)“应该大大降低在线出版的价格”，文中只提到必须控制在线出版的价格，没有说如何控制，故排除。
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大学英语四级

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