首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Is the outcome in a monopolistically (垄断地) competitive market desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole? Can policymak
Is the outcome in a monopolistically (垄断地) competitive market desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole? Can policymak
admin
2011-03-14
23
问题
Is the outcome in a monopolistically (垄断地) competitive market desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole? Can policymakers improve on the market outcome? There are no simple answers to these questions.
One source of inefficiency is the markup (涨价) of price over marginal cost. Because of the markup, some consumers who value the good at more than the marginal cost of production (but less than the price) will be deterred (被阻止) from buying it. Thus, a monopolistically competitive market has the normal deadweight loss of monopoly .pricing.
Although tins outcome is clearly undesirable compared to the first-best outcome of price equal to marginal cost, there is no easy way for policymakers to-fix the problem. To enforce marginal-cost pricing, policymakers would need to regulate all firms that produce differentiated products. Because such products are so common in the economy, the administrative burden of such regulation would be overwhelming. Moreover, the regulating monopolistic competitors would entail all the problems of regulating natural monopolies. In particular, because monopolistic competitors are making zero profits already, requiring them to lower their prices to equal marginal cost would cause them to make losses. To keep these firms in business, the government would need to help them cover these losses. Rather than raising taxes to pay for these subsidies, policymakers may decide it is better to live with tile inefficiency of monopolistic pricing
Another way in which monopolistic competition may be socially inefficient is that the number of firms in the market may not be the "ideal" one. That is, there may be too much or too little entry. One way to think about this problem is in terms of the externalities associated with entry. Whenever a new firm considers entering the market with a new product, it considers only the profit it would make. Yet its entry would also have two external effects: a) The product-variety externality: Because consumers get some consumer surplus from the introduction of a new product, there is a positive externality associated with entry b) The business-stealing externality: Because other firms lose customers and profits from the entry of a new competitor, there is a negative externality associated with entry. Thus in a monopolistically competitive market, there are both positive and negative externalities associated with the entry of new firms. Depending on which externality is larger, a monopolistically competitive market could have either too few or too many products. Both of these externalities are closely related to the conditions for monopolistic competition. The former arises because a new firm would offer a product different from those of the existing firms. The latter arises because firms post a price above marginal cost and, therefore, are always eager to sell additional units. Conversely, because perfectly competitive firms produce identical goods and charge a price equal to marginal cost, neither of these externalities exists under perfect competition.
In the end, we can conclude only that monopolistically competitive markets do not have all the desirable welfare properties of perfectly competitive markets. That is, the invisible hand does not ensure that total surplus is maximized under monopolistic competition. Yet because the inefficiencies are subtle, hard to measure, and hard to fix, there is no easy way for public policy to improve the market outcome.
Who will be prevented from buying the good?
选项
A、Some consumers who also estimate the value of the good at more than the marginal cost of production.
B、Some consumers who estimate the price of the good at more than the marginal cost of the production.
C、Some consumers who have a high opinion of the good at more than the marginal cost of the production.
D、Some consumers who estimate the worth of the good at more than the marginal cost of the production.
答案
B
解析
文中讲了是因为过高的标价markup阻止了顾客购买,而不是货物的实际价值。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7Ssa777K
本试题收录于:
MBA联考(英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
MBA联考(英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
一位垄断厂商所面临的需求函数为Q=100-0.5P,边际成本为MC=40,如果垄断厂商实施完全价格歧视,那么利润最大时的边际收益是()
某垄断者的短期成本函数为STC=0.1Q3-6Q2+140Q+3000,成本用美元计算,Q为每月产量,为使利润最大,该垄断厂商每月生产40吨,赚取利润1000美元。请计算:(1)满足上述条件的边际收益,销售价格和总收益。(2)计算需求曲线在
寡头垄断和垄断的主要相同之处是()
Oneofthesaddestthingsabouttheperiodinwhichweliveisthegrowingestrangement(疏远)betweenAmericaandEurope.Thismay
Voiceswere______astheargumentbetweenthetwomotoristsbecamemorebad-tempered.
Itremainstobeseenwhetherthereservesofrawmaterialsintheyear2000willbesufficienttosupplyaworldeconomywhich
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
随机试题
关系模型的特点不包括()
脊髓位于________内,上端在枕骨大孔处连接脑的________;下端成年人约平第________腰椎体下缘。
幼儿对住院反应的主要护理措施,错误的是()
A.凹逆散B.逍遥散C.大柴胡汤D.葛根芩连汤E.小柴胡汤和解少阳,内泻热结的代表方剂是
肉瘤的特点是
A.转移癌B.恶性癌C.交界癌D.癌前病变E.早期癌黑色素瘤属于
效力未定的民事行为的类型包括( )。
下列关于广告主广告部门的职能,说法错误的是()。
2014年7月1日开始实施的《事业单位人事管理条例》指出,对事业单位人员的处分包括:
Thenatureoflightisnotwhollyknown,butitisgenerallybelievedtobematter,asinits(1)______,itobeysthelaws(2)____
最新回复
(
0
)