首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Is the outcome in a monopolistically (垄断地) competitive market desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole? Can policymak
Is the outcome in a monopolistically (垄断地) competitive market desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole? Can policymak
admin
2011-03-14
24
问题
Is the outcome in a monopolistically (垄断地) competitive market desirable from the standpoint of society as a whole? Can policymakers improve on the market outcome? There are no simple answers to these questions.
One source of inefficiency is the markup (涨价) of price over marginal cost. Because of the markup, some consumers who value the good at more than the marginal cost of production (but less than the price) will be deterred (被阻止) from buying it. Thus, a monopolistically competitive market has the normal deadweight loss of monopoly .pricing.
Although tins outcome is clearly undesirable compared to the first-best outcome of price equal to marginal cost, there is no easy way for policymakers to-fix the problem. To enforce marginal-cost pricing, policymakers would need to regulate all firms that produce differentiated products. Because such products are so common in the economy, the administrative burden of such regulation would be overwhelming. Moreover, the regulating monopolistic competitors would entail all the problems of regulating natural monopolies. In particular, because monopolistic competitors are making zero profits already, requiring them to lower their prices to equal marginal cost would cause them to make losses. To keep these firms in business, the government would need to help them cover these losses. Rather than raising taxes to pay for these subsidies, policymakers may decide it is better to live with tile inefficiency of monopolistic pricing
Another way in which monopolistic competition may be socially inefficient is that the number of firms in the market may not be the "ideal" one. That is, there may be too much or too little entry. One way to think about this problem is in terms of the externalities associated with entry. Whenever a new firm considers entering the market with a new product, it considers only the profit it would make. Yet its entry would also have two external effects: a) The product-variety externality: Because consumers get some consumer surplus from the introduction of a new product, there is a positive externality associated with entry b) The business-stealing externality: Because other firms lose customers and profits from the entry of a new competitor, there is a negative externality associated with entry. Thus in a monopolistically competitive market, there are both positive and negative externalities associated with the entry of new firms. Depending on which externality is larger, a monopolistically competitive market could have either too few or too many products. Both of these externalities are closely related to the conditions for monopolistic competition. The former arises because a new firm would offer a product different from those of the existing firms. The latter arises because firms post a price above marginal cost and, therefore, are always eager to sell additional units. Conversely, because perfectly competitive firms produce identical goods and charge a price equal to marginal cost, neither of these externalities exists under perfect competition.
In the end, we can conclude only that monopolistically competitive markets do not have all the desirable welfare properties of perfectly competitive markets. That is, the invisible hand does not ensure that total surplus is maximized under monopolistic competition. Yet because the inefficiencies are subtle, hard to measure, and hard to fix, there is no easy way for public policy to improve the market outcome.
Who will be prevented from buying the good?
选项
A、Some consumers who also estimate the value of the good at more than the marginal cost of production.
B、Some consumers who estimate the price of the good at more than the marginal cost of the production.
C、Some consumers who have a high opinion of the good at more than the marginal cost of the production.
D、Some consumers who estimate the worth of the good at more than the marginal cost of the production.
答案
B
解析
文中讲了是因为过高的标价markup阻止了顾客购买,而不是货物的实际价值。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7Ssa777K
本试题收录于:
MBA联考(英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
MBA联考(英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
寡头垄断厂商的产品是()。
某垄断厂商的需求曲线为P=100-2q,其成本函数为TC=50+40q,则该垄断厂商实现利润最大化的产量是()
Directions:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Describethetableandstateyouropin
Modernmanufacturinghas______aglobalriverofmaterialsintoastunningarrayofnewproducts.
Oilisanimportant______materialwhichcanbeprocessedintomanydifferentproducts,includingplastics.
Alife-stylethatapparentlyexistsinallsocietiesismarriage--asociallysanctionedunionbetweenawomanandamanwithexp
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
随机试题
试述中国由新民主主义向社会主义转变是历史的必然。
游离醌类多具有()
下列描述不正确的是
对第三代头孢菌素特点的叙述,哪项是错误的
对于高程放样中误差要求不大于±10mm的部位,应采用()。
为形成各类报表和报告,应当建立包括()的工作流程。
毛泽东在《矛盾论》中指出:矛盾问题的精髓是()。
材料一说市场经济只存在于资本主义社会。只有资本主义的市场经济,这肯定是不正确的。社会主义为什么不可以搞市场经济,这个不能说是资本主义。我们是计划经济为主,也结合市场经济,但这是社会主义的市场经济。虽然方法上基本上和资本主义社会的相似,但也有不同。
关于韦伯定律,下列说法正确的是()。
WhatprogresshasAfricancountriesmadeintermsofbusinessreform?Thereductionofthe______canleadtogreatereconomic
最新回复
(
0
)