2. 考研
  3. In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For questions 1 — 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G

In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For questions 1 — 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G

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问题 In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For questions 1 — 5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.
    Gregory Currie, a professor of philosophy at the University of Nottingham, recently argued that we ought not to claim that literature improves us as people, because there is no "compelling evidence that suggests that people are morally or socially better for reading Tolstoy" or other great books.
    Actually, there is such evidence. Raymond Mar, a psychologist at York University in Canada, and the other professor reported in studies published in 2006 and 2009 that individuals who often read fiction appear to be better able to understand other people, empathize with them and view the world from their perspective. 【R1】______. .
    "Deep reading" — as opposed to the often superficial reading we do on the Web — is an endangered practice. Its disappearance would threaten the intellectual and emotional development of generations growing up online, as well as the perpetuation of a critical part of our culture: the novels, poems and other kinds of literature that can be appreciated only by readers whose brains, quite literally, have been trained to apprehend them.
    Recent research has demonstrated that deep reading — slow, immersive, rich in sensory detail and emotional and moral complexity — is a distinctive experience, different in kind from the mere decoding of words. 【R2】______. A book’s lack of hyperlinks, for example, frees the reader from making decisions — Should I click on this link or not? — allowing her to remain fully immersed in the narrative.
    That immersion is supported by the way the brain handles language rich in detail, allusion and metaphor; by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that would be active if the scene were unfolding in real life. 【R3】______.
    None of this is likely to happen when we’re surfing TMZ. Although we call the activity by the same name, the deep reading of books and the information-driven reading we do on the Web are very different, both in the experience they produce and in the capacities they develop. 【R4】______.
    To understand why we should be concerned about how young people read, and not just whether they’re reading at all, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. "Human beings were never born to read," notes Maryanne Wolf, director of the Center for Reading and Language
    Research at Tufts University. 【R5】______. The "reading circuits" we construct are recruited from structures in the brain that evolved for other purposes — and these circuits can be feeble or they can be robust, depending on how often and how vigorously we use them.
[A]The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers time to enrich their reading with reflection, analysis, and their own memories and opinions.
[B]The emotional situations and moral dilemmas that are the stuff of literature are also vigorous exercise for the brain, propelling us inside the heads of fictional characters and even, studies suggest, increasing our real-life capacity for empathy.
[C]Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, which under normal circumstances will unfold according to a program dictated by our genes, the ability to read must be painstakingly acquired by each individual.
[D]This link persisted even after the researchers factored in the possibility that more empathetic individuals might choose to read more novels.
[E]The study also found that young people who read daily only onscreen were nearly two times less likely to be above-average readers than those who read daily in print or both in print and onscreen.
[F]A growing body of evidence suggests that online reading may be less engaging and less satisfying, even for the "digital natives" for whom it is so familiar.
[G]Although deep reading does not, strictly speaking, require a conventional book, the built-in limits of the printed page are uniquely beneficial to the deep reading experience.
【R5】
选项
答案C
解析 本题空格出现在第七段中间。空格前两句指出，关心年轻人如何阅读可以帮助我们了解阅读能力进化的方式，并引用学者言论指出，阅读能力不是天生的。空格后句指出，大脑中用于阅读的结构原本是为其他目的所进化的，而我们阅读能力的强弱取决于我们后天阅读的频率及强度。[C]选项the ability to read与空格前the way the ability to read evolved实现同词复现，must bepainstakingly acquired by each individual既与引言Human beings were never born to read相呼应，又照应后文depending on how often and how vigorously we use them，凸显阅读能力并非像口语理解和会话能力那样是我们基因中先天就有的，而是必须靠后天刻苦努力去获取，故为正确选项。
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