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  3. For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot to gain. But is the sam

For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot to gain. But is the sam

admin2011-01-04  34
问题     For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot to gain. But is the same thing true for workers in poor countries? The answer is that they are ever more likely than their rich country counterparts to benefit, because they have less to lose and more to gain. Orthodox economics takes an optimistic line on integration and the developing countries. Openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to poor economies. In the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to make money by adding capital to labor have already been used up. If pool countries lower their barriers to trade and investment, the theory goes: rich foreigners will want to send over some of their capital.
    If this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment, it will supplement domestic savings and loosen the financial constraint on additional investment by local companies. If it arrives in the form of new foreign controlled operations, FDI, so much the better: this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged along with it, with less financial risk as well. In either case, the addition to investment ought to push incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labor and partly by making labor more productive.
    This why workers in FDI receiving countries should be in an even better position to profit from integration than workers in FDI sending countries. Also, with or without inflows of foreign capital, the same static and dynamic gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich ones. This gain from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere. Surely one side or the other must lose. Not so. The benefits that a rich country gets through trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners, or vice versa. Recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. In all these transactions, sides exporters and importers, borrowers and lenders, shareholders and workers can gain.
What can be the ultimate result of the inflow of the resources?
选项 A、It will supplement domestic savings.
B、It will loosen the financial constraint.
C、It will push incomes up.
D、It will bring technology and skills from abroad.
答案C
解析 推断题，文中第三段提出两种形式，由这段中的最后一句可知这两种形式的最终结果都是“push incomes up”，其他三项均为通向C的途径。
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