首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistak
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistak
admin
2015-04-29
35
问题
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistakenly)think that being "intelligent" meant being good at things that other well-educated academic researchers struggled at, like playing chess. We now know, however, that it’s far harder to get robots to do things that come naturally to us(like identify objects and pick them up)than it is to get them to prove logical theorems(定理)or find patterns in huge volumes of data—things we humans struggle at. This and other counter-intuitive trends in AI and research on the nature of human intelligence have discouraged researchers from trying to predict which jobs will be automated, but a provocative new study by Carl Frey and Michael Osborne at Oxford University tries to do just that, and their findings are alarming.
In "The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?" , Frey and Osborne estimate that 47 percent of U. S. jobs are at risk of being automated in the next 20 years. This does not mean that they necessarily will be automated(despite the way the study has been portrayed in some media outlets)—rather, the authors argue, it is plausible over the next two decades that existing and foreseeable AI technologies could be used to cost-effectively automate those jobs out of existence. Machines may not(and probably won’t)do the jobs the same way as people, however—just remember the last time you used an automated check-out system at a grocery store. There’s a difference between machines doing something cheaply and doing it well. Frey and Osborne took into account the possibility of such "task simplification" in their analysis.
Which jobs are most at risk? According to "The Jetsons", we should expect robots to clean our houses and do other working-class occupations that educated elites have historically looked down upon as " unskilled". But anyone who has done such a job, or has watched an episode of "Undercover Boss" and seen highly-paid CEOs fumble while trying to carry out the demanding minimum wage jobs usually performed by their underlings(下属), knows that there is no such thing as unskilled labor anymore(if there ever was), especially if you are comparing humans and machines in the same breath. The gap between humans and current AI is vastly greater than the differences between humans.
Frey and Osborne focus on "engineering bottlenecks" in AI and robotics, and compare these stumbling points with the requirements of jobs in order to determine which are most and least likely to be vulnerable to automation. The biggest bottlenecks are perception and manipulation, creative intelligence, and social intelligence, all of which computers straggle mightily at(but Rosie the Robot excelled at, by the way). While the trend in recent decades has been towards a hollowing out of "middle-skill" jobs and an increase in low-paying service sector jobs and high-paying, highly educated jobs, Frey and Osborne expect that automation in the future will mainly substitute for "low-skill and low-wage" jobs.
Which can best describe the theme of the text?
选项
A、Introducing the research on artificial intelligence.
B、Explaining the future jobs at risk for automation.
C、Illustrating the gap between humans and current AI.
D、Analyzing the "engineering bottlenecks" in robotics.
答案
B
解析
主旨题。文章第一段末句表明,人工智能的反常规令科学家们难以预测哪些工作容易实现智能化;第二段和第三段指出将近过半的“非技术性”工作可能会被机器取代;第四段进一步指出实现智能化的瓶颈制约,并表明低技术、低工资的工作最有可能被取代。可见全文均围绕未来工作被智能化所取代的风险,[B]应为正确选项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/7lHK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Thegovernmentisnolongerpossibleto______allinformationandstifleeverycriticismintheInternetage.
TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalsystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualhierarchies:therearebot
TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalsystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualhierarchies:therearebot
Inthedevelopmentofone’sintelligence,environmentplays______.
Manypeoplestumbleacrosstheircallinginlifeatunexpectedmoments,butforCharlotteReed,aprofessionalpetsitterinMan
Nepal’sgovernmentdeployedairpatrolsandpoliceofficerstoguardagainst
Allthings______,Stalin’sachievementsareprimaryandhisshortcomingsandmistakesaresecondary.
Whathasrecentresearchfoundaboutdrinking?
Shemanagedtosave______shecouldoutofherwagestohelpherbrother.
IfirstmetAntigonewhenIwasnine.Shejusthungthereonthewall.Hertaskwastoburyherdeadbrother:minewastodusth
随机试题
有以下程序#include<stdio.h>intfun(intx,inty){if(x!=y)return((x+y)/2);elsereturn
5岁男孩,发育较差,自幼易疲劳,安静时口周轻度发绀,哭闹时加重,胸骨左缘第3肋间可闻及Ⅲ级收缩期杂音,初步诊断为法洛四联症,检查结果正确的是
火的特性是
背景资料:某项目部在北方地区承担某城市主干路道路工程施工任务,设计快车道宽为11.25m,辅路宽为9m。项目部应业主要求,将原计划安排在次年4月初施工的沥青混凝土面层,提前到当年11月上、中旬,抢铺出一条快车道以缓解市交通。问题:为保证本次沥青面层
期货公司()负责监督期货投资咨询业务管理制度的制定和执行,对期货投资咨询业务的合规性定期检查,并依法履行督促整改和报告职责。
银行治理结构和制衡机制,对于健全公司治理和防范声誉风险都是至关重要的。然而,对于银行以及银行的责任人来说最终的保护方式是向所有员工逐步地灌输一种恪守高度的公平和道德行为准则的精神;让银行上下都明确一点,不可因某项交易,销售,贷款,客户和盈利机会而牺牲银行的
阅读下面材料,回答问题。相较于矿物燃料,生物燃料一直被人们视为“绿色能源”,而荷兰是世界公认的发展生物燃料的先行者。近年来,荷兰大量利用自东南亚进口的棕榈油生产生物燃料,以降低温室气体排放量。但是,荷兰科学家最近发现,随着荷兰等欧洲国家对东南亚棕榈油需求
教师的专业化就是为了提高教师的社会地位。
设有如下程序:PrivateSubForm_Click()num=InputBox("请输入一个实数"):p=InStr(num,".")Ifp>0ThenPrintMid(num,p+1)Els
PASSAGEFOURWhatisthispassagemainlyabout?
最新回复
(
0
)