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  3. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nati

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nati

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问题     Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to," says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
    The beginning of our sleep-deficit crises can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and eight hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it," says Dr. David. "They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
    Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5. 5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition."
    To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or re call a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers," says Dr. David. "Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."
People in the 1th and 1th centuries slept about . hours a night because ______.
选项 A、they were forced by their parents to do so
B、they knew what was best for their health
C、they had to do so because of their life style and the lack of electricity
D、they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modem people are
答案C
解析 文章第二段第一句指出，我们睡眠不足这一危机始源于一个世纪以前电灯的发明。接着在第三句讲到，以前那些最好的睡眠习惯是强加于我们的，因为那时我们在晚上无事可做，而且没有电灯，一片漆黑，由此可知选项C)正确。
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