首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The economic controls implemented during the second world war make today’s restrictions on restaurants and football stadiums loo
The economic controls implemented during the second world war make today’s restrictions on restaurants and football stadiums loo
admin
2022-11-01
414
问题
The economic controls implemented during the second world war make today’s restrictions on restaurants and football stadiums look lax. In America the government rationed everything from coffee to shoes and forbade the production of fridges and bicycles.
【B1】____________________By 1950 carmakers were producing more than 8m vehicles a year.
Governments today are slowly easing lockdowns, as vaccines reduce deaths from COVID-19. Attention is turning to the likely shape of the economic recovery. The big question is whether or not the rich world can repeat the post-war trick, with pent-up savings powering a rapid bounce-back.
Households have certainly accumulated lots of cash. The data on personal saving has been gathered—the difference between post-tax income and consumer spending—for 21 rich countries. 【B2】____________________In fact they saved $6trn. That implies "excess saving" of about $3trn—a tenth of annual consumer spending in those countries. Households in some places have built up bigger cash piles than those in others. In America excess savings may soon exceed 10% of GDP, in part because of President Joe Biden’s $1.9trn stimulus plan.
Households do not usually save on such a scale during recessions. For one thing, their incomes usually fall, as their pay is cut or they lose their jobs. But governments in the rich world have spent 5% of their combined GDP on furlough schemes, unemployment benefits and stimulus cheques during the pandemic. As a result, household incomes have actually risen in the past year. At the same time, lockdowns have reduced opportunities to spend.
What will consumers do with the cash? If they were to spend it all in one go, rich world GDP growth would probably exceed 10% in 2021, a figure so heady it would put the postwar recovery to shame. At the other extreme, households could spend none of their savings, perhaps if they anticipated that their tax payments would eventually have to rise in order to pay for the enormous stimulus packages.
Research by JPMorgan Chase, a bank, suggests that in many rich countries consumption will soon rebound to near its pre-pandemic level, powering a strong global recovery.
【B3】____________________These evidences point to a fairly rapid recovery in both output and employment.
Such calculations are highly uncertain, however, and not only because there are few precedents apart from the second world war. 【B4】____________________
Take distribution first. There seems little doubt that in all rich countries wealthier people have accumulated most of the excess savings. They have been the least likely to lose work. A big share of their spending is discretionary, say on holidays or meals out; and it is many of these services that have been shut down during the pandemic.
America’s fiscal stimulus has been unusually generous. A third round of cheques, for $1,400, will soon be sent to most adults. Top-ups to unemployment benefits have ensured that many people who lost work have earned more from the state than they did in their jobs. 【B5】____________________A new study by the JPMorgan Chase Institute found that in late December the poorest Americans’ bank balances were some 40% higher than the year before, compared with about 25% higher for the richest. The poorest half have seen their liquid assets rise in value by 11% in the past year, nearly twice the increase for the rich 1%.
[A] Goldman Sachs, another bank, reckons that in America the spending of excess savings will add two percentage points to GDP growth in the year after full reopening.
[B] Had the pandemic not happened, households would probably have accumulated $3trn in the first nine months of 2020.
[C] And that points to a striking contrast with the postwar boom. America’s recovery was impressive enough, but Europe’s was even more so, with GDP growth running 50% faster throughout the 1950s.
[D] Two factors matter: how the accumulated pots of cash are distributed across households; and whether people treat those pots as income or as wealth.
[E] The result is that low-income Americans may have saved even more than the rich, relative to their incomes.
[F] In 1943 its entire auto-mobile industry sold only 139 cars. Two years later the war ended, and a consumer led boom ensued. Americans put to use the personal savings they had accumulated in wartime.
[G] In America and Japan, by contrast, excess savings are a result of higher income because of stimulus payouts, not spending cutbacks.
【B3】
选项
答案
A
解析
本题主要考查了代词的所指。首句提到摩根大通银行的数据说明消费量的反弹,空格后面说到这些证据表明经济的较快恢复。These evidences说明指代的内容至少是两者以上,所以需要另外一个能跟摩根大通银行并列的事例,并且也要表达出经济恢复的内涵。观察选项,只有[A]选项满足条件。[A]选项意思为“另一家银行高盛集团认为,在美国全面开放后的一年中,过剩储蓄的支出将为GDP增长增加两个百分点”,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/80MD777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Overthecourseofmanyyears,withoutmakinganygreatfussaboutit,theauthoritiesinNewYorkdisabledmostofthecontrol
TheWorldBank,InternationalTelecommunicationsUnion(ITU),GlobalSystemforMobileTelecommunicationsAssociation(GSMA),an
A.HelptodetectasuspectB.DiscoverthepotentialhealthproblemsearlierC.RevealtheunknownsofthefamilyD
ManyAmericanshavebeenfeedingababyaspirinonceaday,believingitwouldprotectthemfromaheartattack,astroke,ande
ManyAmericanshavebeenfeedingababyaspirinonceaday,believingitwouldprotectthemfromaheartattack,astroke,ande
ManyAmericanshavebeenfeedingababyaspirinonceaday,believingitwouldprotectthemfromaheartattack,astroke,ande
ThedeclineinAmericanmanufacturingisacommonrefrain,particularlyfromDonaldTrump."Wedon’tmakeanythinganymore,"he
Americans’prideandfaithoftheireconomicsystem,【C1】________thatitprovidesopportunitiesforallcitizenstohavegoodliv
StateandlocalauthoritiesfromNewHampshiretoSanFranciscohavebegunbanningtheuseoffacial-recognitiontechnology.The
StateandlocalauthoritiesfromNewHampshiretoSanFranciscohavebegunbanningtheuseoffacial-recognitiontechnology.The
随机试题
简述学校教育对个体身心发展的作用。
根据赫茨伯格双因素理论,挑战性的工作、上级的赏识、工作的责任感等因素是()
国家认监委负责评审员管理制度的建立和组织实施,培训评审员师资,并负责国家认监委所使用评审员的确认、培训和监督管理工作。()
等电位联结干线或局部等电位箱间的连接线应形成环形网路。()
堤防工程施工中,堤身填筑作业的要求不包括( )。
英译汉“stipulation of contract;supervision and administration”,正确翻译为( )。
著名经济学家张维迎在2010年北大光华管理学院的毕业典礼上对他的学生们说过这样一段话:杏如人生,先苦后酸,再由酸变甜;杏如小孩,有的发育早,有的发育晚;杏如万物,长在向阳地的开花早,长在背阴地的结果迟;杏又同人一样,有的成熟早,有的成熟晚。我家的杏树因为长
争议:仲裁:裁决
下列关于文件结构的叙述中,哪一(些)条是正确的?I.源程序、目标代码等文件属于流式文件Ⅱ.每个记录包含一个记录键和其他属性Ⅲ.记录式文件中的记录都是定长的
Formostpeople,theword"fashion",means______.Whichofthefollowingisfalseaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepa
最新回复
(
0
)