首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
What is the finding introduced by the interviewee?
What is the finding introduced by the interviewee?
admin
2015-01-09
53
问题
What is the finding introduced by the interviewee?
W; I’m Kelly Klein and today I’m speaking with David Grimm, online news editor for Science, about some of the recent stories from our online daily news site. So Dave, you are going to talk with me about "how not to treat a disease", are you?
M: Right, Kelly. Well, this study is a little bit counter-intuitive because it suggests that taking two drugs at once may actually be worse for treating the disease than better. This approach, especially taking two antibiotics at once, is called synergistic therapy. And what researchers thought the advantage was that, you know, different drugs attack different parts of an invading microorganism, like a bacterium.
W: Just as we have heard that doctors use these drug combinations in everything from treating HIV to MRSA, which is a very highly resistant pathogen that’s often acquired in hospitals.
M:(l)But this new study suggests that maybe two drugs at once isn’t such a good idea.
W: Right, because as soon as we start talking about antibiotics we have to start thinking about bacterial resistance.
M: Exactly, and that seems to be what happens here. What happens when bacteria evolve resistance is that they find some way to overcome, or members of their population find a way to overcome the drug, and when the drug kills all the other bacteria off, you’ve got these few bacteria that are left that are resistant, and they are able to multiply. And all of a sudden your drug doesn’t work anymore.
W: That explains the appearance of resistance. Then, what will happen if we use two antibiotics together?
M: Well, it turns out that seems to be happening even more dramatically when you use two antibiotics at once, or at least that’s what these researchers have shown. What they did was they took E.coli, which can be a pretty nasty pathogen, and they treated it with two common antibiotics: doxycycline and erythromycin.(2)They basically put these E. coli in a test tube. They added both drugs, and after a day, the drugs seemed to almost completely wipe out the E.coli, which is sort of expected.
W: It doesn’t sound too bad, so far.
M: What was shocking was the following day the E. coli experienced this population explosion. All of a sudden their numbers were up to 500% higher than they had been before. So they just really started multiplying, really out of control. And at first the researchers thought they had made some sort of mistake. They repeated the experiment, and they saw the same thing happen again.
W: That’s really unexpected. So I assume this new population is much more likely to be resistant to the antibiotics that were used.
M: It is. And what the researchers found was that, just like what happens with one drug, with a couple drugs it still left a few bacteria left in this population that were really good at fighting these antibiotics. In fact the bacteria seemed to have multiple genes for pumping out these antibiotics.(3)So these antibiotics, you know, get into the bacterial cell and the bacterium usually dies, but there are some bacteria that were very good at just basically pumping this antibiotic right back out again. And those were the ones that survived. And even in the presence of two antibiotics they just started to thrive after about a day because the antibiotics had wiped out all their competition. So all of a sudden they had access to all these resources, all this food that they didn’t have access to before. And that they’re basically growing out of control because the drugs aren’t having any effect on them.
W: And so the two examples of really nasty diseases that you mentioned earlier, both HIV and MRSA, in which this synergistic method is used quite a bit. I mean they’re really difficult-to-treat diseases. If we start not using this method, are there any alternative methods for treating them?
M: Well,(4)one thing the researchers suggest is instead of hitting bacteria with two drugs at the same time we should alternate the drugs. So use one drug one day, wipe out most of the population, and maybe you’ll have some leftovers that are resistant to that drug, but then you hit it with a different drug the next day, and maybe that will wipe out the remainder.
W: I get it. This idea is sort of mix things up so much that bacteria really don’t have a chance to become resistant. That’s certainly one possible way to go.
M:(5)All this stuff is in test tubes right now, so it sort of remains to be seen whether this is actually happening in the human body. But it is a really powerful warning sign for a lot of these multi-drug treatments.
W: Indeed. Well, thank you, Dave, for sharing with us such interesting information.
M: My pleasure.
选项
A、The researchers can’t explain what leads to the finding.
B、Researchers only do the tests on one kind of bacteria.
C、The research is still in the stage of controlled lab tests.
D、There are still some flaws in the procedure of the research.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/80dO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Schoolsthroughouttheworldareexperiencingaperiodofrapidchangeand,inmanycases,arefindingthatextremely【M1】______
Schoolsthroughouttheworldareexperiencingaperiodofrapidchangeand,inmanycases,arefindingthatextremely【M1】______
Schoolsthroughouttheworldareexperiencingaperiodofrapidchangeand,inmanycases,arefindingthatextremely【M1】______
Schoolsthroughouttheworldareexperiencingaperiodofrapidchangeand,inmanycases,arefindingthatextremely【M1】______
BermardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistoryoftheUnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingsonthe
BermardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistoryoftheUnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingsonthe
BermardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistoryoftheUnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingsonthe
Manycancerpatientsarefindingnowhopeinanunusualandcontroversialapproachtocancertreatment.Thenewmethodhasbeen
随机试题
乾隆款绛州澄泥砚的设计非常单一,没有任何一方向新式的琢砚风格靠拢,其仿造的主要是文化昌隆的汉、唐、宋泥质砚的标准款式。而同期乾隆朝内务府制造的大量松花砚则几乎抛弃了这种仿古砚式,极尽所能地去追求甚至创造潮流——高浮雕与浅浮雕配合营造表面,器座堆叠,砚盒设计
颜色视野范围最小的是()
二萜分子异戊二烯数目是
卫生桥桥体龈面与牙槽嵴黏膜之间的间隙至少为
肥胖是何风湿病的易感因素
简述监理工程师在施工准备阶段的主要任务。
在代办股份转让系统挂牌的公司包括( )。
一般情况下,市场化程度越高,区域信贷风险越低。()
下列选项中,属于混声合唱形式的组合是()。
车间共有40人,某技术操作考核的平均成绩为80分,其中男工平均成绩为83分,女工平均成绩为78分.则该车间有女工()人.
最新回复
(
0
)