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  3. What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Ya

What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Ya

admin2015-02-12  24
问题     What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Yale University study in which cafeteria workers asked students if they wanted fruit with their meal, and raised consumption of the good stuff from 40 to 70 percent. Want her to eat her vegetables, too? Rename them. When a Cornell researcher told kindergartners they were eating "X-ray vision carrots" rather than plain old vegetables, the kids ate 50 percent more.
    Despite years of junk-food bans and stringent nutrition standards in the nation’s school cafeterias, childhood obesity hasn’t dropped. Now researchers are testing simpler strategies designed to "nudge" students toward healthier decisions. Lisa Mancino of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees school-meal programs, calls the new approach "stealth health", getting kids to eat healthy without even realizing it. As it turns out, the problem may not be the presence of junk food after all; it’s that the good food just isn’t appealing enough.
    Stealth health is an application of behavioral economics, an academic field that studies the role of environmental factors in decision making. "The general principle is finding changes that push people in the right direction without limiting their choices," says David Just, a behavioral economist at Cornell University. In the cafeteria, that means using environmental cues to make the most nutritious decision the most desirable one. The school lunch provides lots of opportunities for increasing the appeal of healthy foods; verbal encouragement while ordering(asking the fruit question), descriptive labels("rich vegetable medley soup" sounds a lot better than "vegetable soup")and improved access(a cafeteria, for example, where the "grab and go" section is the healthiest)can all help sway a student’s decision. Even the method of payment matters. One recent study found that students who pay for a meal with cash make significantly healthier decisions than those who use a prepaid card. David Just thinks such changes, which help kids make healthy decisions even when unhealthy options are available, better prepare students for the real world than flat-out bans on junk food.
    Not all nutrition experts are thrilled with Just’s suggestion that schools back off on bans and bring back cookies. "We don’t expose kids to cigarettes in schools, we don’t teach them comic books in English class, so why would we provide unhealthy options in the cafeteria?" says Tracy Fox, vice president of the Society for Nutrition Education. She likes the idea of cafeteria workers suggesting fruit, but is skeptical that kids, if given the choice, would pick bananas over brownies.
By writing Paragraph 1, the author intends to______.
选项 A、prove the accuracy of Yale’s study
B、introduce the theory mentioned below
C、demonstrate the importance of eating fruits
D、claim children are fascinated about X-ray
答案B
解析 属逻辑关系题。本题考查的是考生对作者意图的理解，仔细阅读第一段会发现在这一段中耶鲁大学和康奈尔大学的研究只是两个例子，而非本文的中心内容。通过阅读第二段，不难发现作者引人了“隐形健康”这一概念，由此可知作者讲到这两个例子就是为了引出这个概念，因此选项B符合题意。选项A、C、D均不符合题意。
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