首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Beha
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Beha
admin
2016-06-19
89
问题
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can【C1】______performance at work and school. Cognitive(认知学派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on【C2】______and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters,【C3】______among educators. But the careful use of small【C4】______rewards sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements(刺激)indeed【C5】______inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
"If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively【C6】______task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it’s easy to【C7】______creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for【C8】______achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and【C9】______failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows【C10】______in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoid E)hope
F)especially G)aid H)ordinary I)approval J)monetary
K)generally L)improve M)challenging N)restore O)excellent
【C10】
选项
答案
B
解析
很明显此处应填名词作shows的宾语。原文为“实行所谓象征性奖励,在努力提高学生创造力方面有——,”可选项有promise和hope,而hope是人主观的愿望、希望,但此处强调的是“……有实现的可能性,有前景”,故排除hope而选promise。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/8EY7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Onaverage,Americankidsages3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmo
InBritainandothercountries,youngpeoplesometimestakea"gapyear",ayearoffbetweenhighschoolandcollege.Thisidea
InBritainandothercountries,youngpeoplesometimestakea"gapyear",ayearoffbetweenhighschoolandcollege.Thisidea
AFewAspectsofAmericanLifeTravelA)It’ssummertime.FormanyAmericans,thisistheseasontotravel.Why?Becauseschool
Tallmenaremorelikelytohavechildrenthantheirverticallychallengedfriendsbecausewomenfindheightattractive,anews
Tallmenaremorelikelytohavechildrenthantheirverticallychallengedfriendsbecausewomenfindheightattractive,anews
Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliti
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveInternetuseanddepression,aresearchhasshown.Lee
Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning,theywillcontinuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatw
随机试题
急性胰腺炎的非手术治疗有哪些?
患者男,46岁。脊髓损伤,双上肢肩关节可自主活动,手关节不能自主活动,双下肢迟缓性瘫痪一级护理。患者可能损伤的脊髓节段为
根据干扰素的性质,可将干扰素分成两种类型:Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型。Ⅱ型干扰素的主要功能是()
案情:位于某市甲区的天南公司与位于乙区的海北公司签订合同,约定海北公司承建天南公司位于丙区的新办公楼,合同中未约定仲裁条款。新办公楼施工过程中,天南公司与海北公司因工程增加工作量、工程进度款等问题发生争议。双方在交涉过程中通过电子邮件约定将争议提交某仲裁委
某企业本月营业收入为1515000元,营业外收入为100000元,投资收益为60000元,营业成本为760000元,营业税金及附加为30000元,营业外支出为80000元,管理费用为40000元,销售费用为30000元,财务费用为15000元,所得税费用为
青藏高原有“世界屋脊”之称,它的形成是由()碰撞引起的。
Americannolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.
[*]
在计算机领域中通常用MIPS来描述
Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen______,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluence.
最新回复
(
0
)