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  3. Social change is more likely to occur in heterogeneous societies than in homogeneous ones, simply because there are more diverse

Social change is more likely to occur in heterogeneous societies than in homogeneous ones, simply because there are more diverse

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问题    Social change is more likely to occur in heterogeneous societies than in homogeneous ones, simply because there are more diverse points of view available in the former. There are more ideas, more conflicts of interest, and more groups and organizations of different persuasions.  In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and tolerance in heterogeneous societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision rather than subjecting them to authority. In a quite homogeneous society, there are fewer occasions for people to perceive the need or the opportunity for change, because everything seems to be the same and, if not satisfactory, at least customary and undisputed.
   Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily (1) in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; (2) in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; (3) in the less basic, less emotional, or less sacred aspects of society than in their opposites, like religion or a system of prestige; (4) in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; (5) in form rather than in substance; and (6) in elements congenial to the culture rather than in strange elements.
   Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
According to the passage, the main difference between a homogeneous society and a heterogeneous one lies in
选项 A、the number of opportunities offered.
B、the nature of conflicts of interest.
C、the awareness of the need for change.
D、the role of social organizations.
答案C
解析 选项A、B、D的内容都是导致由不同人员构成的社会易于改革的因素，正如第一段中的All these factors tend to promote social change．．”而另一句It a quite homogeneous society，there are fewer occasions for people to perceive the need or the opportunity for change从反面告诉我们，由不同人员构成的社会更加有意识进行社会变革。因此该题答案为C。
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