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  3. One major obstacle to economic development is population growth. The populations of most developing countries grew at a rate muc

One major obstacle to economic development is population growth. The populations of most developing countries grew at a rate muc

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问题     One major obstacle to economic development is population growth.
The populations of most developing countries grew at a rate much faster 【M1】______
than that of industrialized countries. One reason for this growth is the high【M2】______
crude birth-rate—the number of alive births per 1,000 people. In some 【M3】______
developing countries, the population is so large that it is barely enough 【M4】______
futile land and other resources to support it. Many less developed countries 【M5】______
depend extensively on agriculture, adding to the problem. In these countries,
an incentive to having many children exists. Most farms are worked by fam- 【M6】______
ilies, and children can work in the fields at an early age. More children mean 【M7】______
more workers. In addition, having many children ensures the parents that
someone will look after them in their old age. Another problem for develop
ing countries is increasing life expectancy—the average remaining lifetime
for persons who reach a certain age. Better education, international aid, and
emphasis on health-care facilities help people live longer. A high life expec
tancy coupled with a high crude birthrate make it difficult to increase per 【M8】______
capita GNP. Finally, people have different views on what is the proper rate
of population growth. Some feel that the earth is too crowded already and 【M9】______
societies should work for zero population growth—the condition in which
the average number of births and deaths balances so that a population stops 【M10】______
growing. Others feel that population growth is a natural event and that ef
forts to disrupt it are morally and religiously wrong.
【M5】
选项
答案futile — fertile
解析 futile和fertile混淆的话，意思就完全不对了。前者是“无用的、没有结果的”。如futile effort，futile discussion等，后者是“肥沃的、有成果的”，如：fertile land，fertilefish等。
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