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  3. TOEFL iBT Writing. In this integrated writing task, you will write a response to a question about a reading passage and a lectur

TOEFL iBT Writing. In this integrated writing task, you will write a response to a question about a reading passage and a lectur

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问题 TOEFL iBT Writing. In this integrated writing task, you will write a response to a question about a reading passage and a lecture. Your response will be scored on the quality of your writing and on how well you connect the points in the lecture with points in the reading. Typically, an effective response will have 150 to 225 words.
Reading Time - 3 minutes
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the family is more rootless and less stable than it was a century ago. In the past, children grew up in the same town as their grandparents, usually in their grandparents’ house, along with several other relatives. Extended families were linked with other families, forming networks throughout the community. Today, people move from job to job, following career paths that take them from one single-family home to another. The mobility of families leaves them with no neighborly networks. As a result, families are more isolated from the larger community.
Contemporary families have lost touch with extended family networks. Starting in the 1950s, "family values" have focused on the nuclear family: a husband, a wife, and their children. Married couples broke free of the extended family, becoming emotionally and economically self-sufficient. They established single-family homes in the suburbs, away from the influence of the elder generation.
Today, the nuclear family is in trouble. Parent-child bonds have lapsed so much that parents have little control over their children. While divorce used to be uncommon, it is now a fact of life, and highly disruptive to families. Half of all children spend some of their childhood in a single-parent home because their parents have divorced. Single-parent homes are difficult for everyone. Often the parent is chronically tired from working "double shifts" at a job and at home. In such circumstances, it is difficult for parents to make decisions about children. When they must discipline children, there is no spouse to back them up. Conversely, children in single-parent homes have no one else to turn to when their one parent is too tired or too busy for them.
Now listen to the lecture. You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you write your response. After you hear the question, you have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. You may look at the reading passage during the writing time.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they contradict points made in the reading.
Stop
Time - 20 minutes
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a sociology class.
Some generalizations about the family are pure myth. For example, families today are not more rootless than they used to be. In fact, a century ago, families moved around quite a bit. Around 1900, in most large and small cities, more than 50 percent of the residents—and often up to 75 percent—were no longer there ten years later. So it’s just not true that families stayed in one place for generations. Families have always relocated.
Another myth is that nuclear families lack connections with their extended families. In truth, more children than ever before have a grandparent who is still living, and the evidence suggests that ties between grandparents and grandchildren have become stronger. For example, when researchers returned to a town that had been studied sixty years earlier, they found that most of the residents maintained closer kinship networks than had been the case earlier. More people knew their grandparents and reported visiting them than had been the case before.
The bonds between parents and children have not weakened. In fact, a majority of adults today say they see one of their parents at least once a week. Sixty-eight percent say they talk on the telephone with a parent once a week. Furthermore, almost 90 percent of adults describe their relationship with their mother as close, and 78 percent say their relationship with their grandparents is close. Finally, despite all the disruption from divorce, most children today—96 percent—live with at least one of their parents. This is a big difference from a century ago, when ten percent of the children didn’t live with either parent, usually because the parents had died.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they contradict points made in the reading.
选项
答案- The lecture states that some generalizations about the family are myths (not true). - The lecture states that families are not more rootless than they used to be. Families have always relocated. This contradicts the point in the reading that the family is more rootless than it was a century ago. - Second, it is a myth that nuclear families lack connections with their extended families. More people know their grandparents than they did in the past. This contradicts the point in the reading that nuclear families have lost touch with extended family networks. - Third, the bonds between parents and children are not weaker today than in the past. A majority of adults are in touch with their parents, and most children live with at least one parent. This contradicts the point in the reading that parent-child bonds have lapsed so much that parents have little control over their children.
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