2. 外语
  3. 元曲(Yuan opera)是中国一种别具一格的文学形式和戏剧形式。它首先流行于民间，内容充满了生活气息。元曲有固定的格式，但相比于唐诗宋词(Tang and Song poetry)，有较大的灵活性。历史上涌现了一批杰出元曲剧作家(playwright)

元曲(Yuan opera)是中国一种别具一格的文学形式和戏剧形式。它首先流行于民间，内容充满了生活气息。元曲有固定的格式，但相比于唐诗宋词(Tang and Song poetry)，有较大的灵活性。历史上涌现了一批杰出元曲剧作家(playwright)

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问题     元曲(Yuan opera)是中国一种别具一格的文学形式和戏剧形式。它首先流行于民间，内容充满了生活气息。元曲有固定的格式，但相比于唐诗宋词(Tang and Song poetry)，有较大的灵活性。历史上涌现了一批杰出元曲剧作家(playwright)，其中以关汉卿最负盛名。元曲和唐诗宋词一样，是中国古典文学的重要组成部分。元曲的兴起对于中国民族诗歌的发展和文化的繁荣有着深远的影响。
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答案 Yuan opera is a characteristic form of literature and drama in China. It first became popular among common people as its content was full of the flavor of life. Yuan opera has its own fixed form but is quite more flexible compared with Tang and Song poetry. There appeared in history a number of outstanding playwrights of Yuan opera, among whom Guan Hanqing was the most famous. Like Tang and Song poetry, Yuan opera is an important part of Chinese classical literature. The rising of Yuan opera has great influences on the development of national poetry and the prosperity of culture in China.
解析 1．第2句中的两个分句“它首先流行于民间”及“内容充满了生活气息”隐含因果关系，翻译时可将这层关系译出，把第2个分句处理为as或for引导的原因状语从句。该句中的“生活气息”直译为flavor of life，该短语在文中实际上是指元曲讲述的都是日常生活，故该句也可意译为its content filled with daily／social life．
2．翻译第3句“元曲有固定的格式，但相比于唐诗宋词，有较大的灵活性”时，为了论述连贯，应将第2、3分句的位置对调。“相比于……”用短语compared with来表达。整句可译为Yuan opera has its．．．but is quite．．．compared with Tang and Song poetry。
3．第4句中的“历史上涌现了……”是无主语句，翻译时可将“元曲剧作家”作为句子的主语，译作A number of…playwrights sprang up…；或者可用句型There appeared in history．．．来表达。“其中以关汉卿……”处理成用among whom引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的“元曲剧作家”，译作among whom GuanHanqing was the most famous。
4．第5句中的状语“和唐诗宋词一样”表达为Like Tang and Song poetry，置句首。“元曲”则移至后半句作主语，“元曲是中国古典文学的重要组成部分”译作Yuan opera is an important part．．．。“中国古典文学的”用介词短语of Chinese classical literature来表达。
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