首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzantine Empire staged an
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzantine Empire staged an
admin
2013-06-12
45
问题
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two - thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth - century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change.
The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantine would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival.
No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second, and intellectual advances third. In the 860’s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire’s favor. The beginning of the empire’s economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.
Which of the following does the author mention as crucial evidence concerning the manner in which the Byzantine revival began?
选项
A、The Byzantine military revival of the 860’ s led to economic and cultural advances,
B、The Byzantine cultural revival lasted until 1453.
C、The Byzantine economic recovery began in the 900’ s.
D、The revival of Byzantine learning began toward the end of the eighty century.
答案
D
解析
A讲的是860年左右拜占庭军事复兴引出经济、文化复兴,和作者态度相反。B讲的是文化复兴延伸至1453年。此点文中有,但文化复兴的截止日期对判断本文作者的论题——三种复兴间谁推动谁的问题没有帮助,与本题题干无关。C讲的是经济复兴在900年左右开始,和原文不符。D讲的是拜占庭文化8世纪末就复兴了。是正确的。作者正是用它来说明拜占庭复兴开始的方式和普遍认为的不同。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/904O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Afterdecadesofexodus,thetideofIrishmigrationtookadefinitiveturninthelate1980s,whentheIrishDiasporastartedt
Withtheconstructoroftherailwaysinthe19thcentury,anewsociologicalphenomenonwasborn:thetravelingcriminal.Until
SimilaritiesandDifferencesbetweenPublicSpeakingandConversationⅠBothPublicSpeakingandConversationneedyouto
______referstotheextensivesoundchangesaffectingvowelsbetween1400and1600.
Iknownowthatthemanwhosatwithmeontheoldwoodenstairsthathotsummernightoverthirty-fiveyearsagowasnotatall
Researchersinmanycountrieshaveobservedthatmiddleclasschildrenasagrouparemoresuccessfulintheeducationalsystem
ItcanbelearnedfromthenewsthattheFarnboroughAirshow
AnInterestingPhenomenonTheabilityoffallingcatstorightthemselvesinmidairandlandontheirfeethasbeenasource
In1265SimondeMontfortsummonedtheGreatCounciltomeettogetherwithtwoknightsfromeachcountyandtwo______fromeacht
Oftheworld’s774millionilliterateadultstwo-thirdsarewomen,asharethathasremainedunchangedforthepasttwodecades.
随机试题
组织根据不同的划分标准可以分为多种不同的类型:
患者,女性65岁,行走100米后出现右下肢窜痛,蹲或坐位休息5分钟症状缓解,可继续行走。查体:腰部后伸时出现疼痛,后伸受限,未见腰神经根刺激体征,患者应诊断为:
A.药品零售连锁企业从事第二类精神药品零售业务B.医疗机构需要取得麻醉药品和第一类精神药品购用印鉴卡C.从事麻醉药品和第一类精神药品批发业务的区域性批发企业D.从事麻醉药品和第一类精神药品批发业务的全国性批发企业由所在地设区的市级卫生主管部门批准
换证复核评审不合格的检测机构,质监机构应当责令其在()内进行整改,整改期内不得承担质量评定和工程验收的试验检测业务。
图示电路中,u1=220sinax,变压器视为理想的,N1/N2=2,R2=R1,则输出电压与输入电压的有效值之比U1/U2为:
环境质量参数包括常规参数和( )。
社会主义社会的改革也是一场革命。()
设f(x)在区间[0,1]上连续,在(0,1)内可导,且满足证明:存在ξ∈(0,1),使得f’(ξ)=2ξf(ξ).
战略管理的主要活动可以分为下列中的(55)。
Wegenerallyviewthefamilyasbeingoneofourmoststableinstitutions;yet,ourfamilysystemhas【B1】______anumberofchang
最新回复
(
0
)