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  3. In the late 1860’s, industry in America grew rapidly. More factories meant more jobs. But working conditions were dangerous. Emp

In the late 1860’s, industry in America grew rapidly. More factories meant more jobs. But working conditions were dangerous. Emp

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问题     In the late 1860’s, industry in America grew rapidly. More factories meant more jobs. But working conditions were dangerous. Employees were forced to work as many as 16 hours a day in hot, dirty rooms. Children often worked alongside adults. Wages were usually very low.
    Workers tried to improve conditions by forming unions.  One of the first important unions was the Knights of Labor, formed in 1869. Blacks and women were welcomed as members. The Knights of Labor wanted an 8-hour workday, higher wages, and better working conditions. The union called for an end to the employment of children under age 14.
    Together with other unions, the Knights of Labor tried to make changes through collective bargaining. Union leaders would meet with employers and talk.  When collective bargaining failed, the unions resorted to strikes. When some strikes that the unions held turned violent, public opinion turned against them. Many members left the Knights of Labor, and by 1890 the union had died out.
    But other unions survived. The AF of L, American Federation of Labor, was formed in 1881. It continued to push for the goals set by the Knights of Labor. However, most federal laws protecting workers and outlawing child labor were not passed until the 1930’s.
How long did the Knights of Labor last?
选项 A、60 years.
B、31 years.
C、50 years.
D、21 years.
答案D
解析 本题为细节信息推理题。题中关键词为How long．．last(历时多少年)。这类题只需查找文中有关时间信息，再进行计算即可。第2段第2句the Knights of Labour．．．formed in 1869，第3段末句by 1890．．．the union had died out是该组织的起止时间，计算之后得出历时21年。故D项是正确的。
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