首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an a
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an a
admin
2010-04-28
65
问题
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two - thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth - century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change.
The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantine would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival.
No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second, and intellectual advances third. In the 860’ s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire’ s favor. The beginning of the empire’s economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.
Which of the following does the author mention as crucial evidence concerning the manner in which the Byzantine revival began?
选项
A、The Byzantine military revival of the 860’ s led to economic and cultural advances.
B、The Byzantine cultural revival lasted until 1453.
C、The Byzantine economic recovery began in the 900’ s.
D、The revival of Byzantine learning began toward the end of the eighty century.
答案
D
解析
A讲的是860年左右拜占庭军事复兴引出经济、文化复兴,和作者态度相反。B肿的是文化复兴延伸至1453年。此点文中有,但文化复兴的截止日期对判断本文作者的论题——三种复兴间谁推动谁的问题没有帮助,与本题干无关。C讲的是经济复兴在900年左右开始,和原文不符。D讲的是拜占庭文化8世纪末就复兴了。是正确的。作者正是用它来说明拜占庭复兴开始的方式和普遍认为的不同。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/98qO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Itshouldbeaseasonofshoppinggiftsforfamiliesandfriends.B、Itshouldbeaseasonofgivingandtaking.C、Itshouldbe
Attitudesaboutexpressingangervaryfromculturetoculture.Insomecultures,almostanysignofangerisinappropriate.Ino
AnexperimentaltreatmentforParkinson’sdiseaseseemedtoimprovesymptoms—dramaticallyso,forone59-year-oldman—withoutca
女士们、先生们,尊敬的来宾们晚上好。今天能参加上海一昆士兰数学友谊赛令我深感荣幸。请允许我代表上海参赛队,对贵方的盛情好客深表感谢。比赛的整个过程令人难忘,我们从你们身上学到了很多,如逻辑性思维和协作精神。我认为真正重要的不是谁赢谁输,而是在如此短的时间内
A、100million.B、Closeto100million.C、6percentofthetotal.D、Notmentionedintheinterview.C
如果全职妈妈所做的每项工作都能得到报偿的话,年薪应当高达134,121美元,和美国顶级广告执行官的薪金差不多。
JohnGurdon’sschoolreportonhisabilitiesinscienceleftlittledoubt."Ithasbeen,"histeacheratEtonwrote,"adisastro
A、67%ofAmericansfavorthedeathpenaltyincasesofmurder.B、ThereareaboutfivethousandexecutionsayearintheUS.C、Th
A、Itcouldbecomplicatedtomakeunitseasytouseandunderstand.B、Itmightbeintertwinedwithsomeotherpointsthespeaker
Thesearethequestionsyoumightbeinterestedin.First,【B1】______.Ifyou’rean【B2】______inanyfieldor【B3】______,you
随机试题
在7位ASCII码字符表中,20H(空格)以前的字符主要是用于( )的字符。
计算机的发展分为四代,其中第二代和第四代的元器件分别是
UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe’swritingsalwayshaveasenseofimmediacyandenthusias
根据《中国地震动参数区划图》(GB18306-2001),下列哪些选项的说法是符合规定的?()
建设工程项目信息编码中编码是()的一项重要的基础工作。
资料一目前培训行业在中国还是一个零散型产业。有许多企业在进行竞争,它们的规模都不大,多为中小企业或私人企业,这些企业多受地域的限制,在当地有一定的品牌影响,但没有任何企业占有显著的市场份额,也没有任何企业能对整个产业的发展具有重大的影响。虽然新东方学校在
实施电信网间互联互通管制时,对()的监管比对其他运营商要严格。
在经济全球化形势下,民族存在的最高组织形式、国际社会活动中的独立主体是()
一生产线生产的产品成箱包装,每箱的重量是随机的.假设每箱平均重50千克,标准差为5千克.若用最大载重量为5吨的汽车承运,试利用中心极限定理说明每辆车最多可以装多少箱,才能保障不超载的概率大于0.977.(φ(2)=0.977,其中φ(x)是标准正态分布函数
下列有关计算机系统的叙述中,错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)