首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an a
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an a
admin
2010-04-28
35
问题
The Cultural Revival in the Byzantine Empire
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two - thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth - century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change.
The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantine would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival.
No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second, and intellectual advances third. In the 860’ s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire’ s favor. The beginning of the empire’s economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.
Which of the following does the author mention as crucial evidence concerning the manner in which the Byzantine revival began?
选项
A、The Byzantine military revival of the 860’ s led to economic and cultural advances.
B、The Byzantine cultural revival lasted until 1453.
C、The Byzantine economic recovery began in the 900’ s.
D、The revival of Byzantine learning began toward the end of the eighty century.
答案
D
解析
A讲的是860年左右拜占庭军事复兴引出经济、文化复兴,和作者态度相反。B肿的是文化复兴延伸至1453年。此点文中有,但文化复兴的截止日期对判断本文作者的论题——三种复兴间谁推动谁的问题没有帮助,与本题干无关。C讲的是经济复兴在900年左右开始,和原文不符。D讲的是拜占庭文化8世纪末就复兴了。是正确的。作者正是用它来说明拜占庭复兴开始的方式和普遍认为的不同。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/98qO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
GrahamMansfieldisheadofdownstreamoperationsattheUKoilcompanyAposOil.Thedownstreamendofthebusiness,whichincl
TheUnitedNationsHumanRightsCouncilwasformerSecretaryGeneralKofiAnnan’sdreamchild:anew,strongerinstitutiontore
Theworldneedslegalguidelinesforburyinggreenhousegasestohelpthestilltinybusinessbecomeoneofthemainwaysoffig
A、E-mail.B、Onlinecourses.C、Chat.D、E-commerce.B
Itispopulartolamentthegrowinggapbetweencapitalistsandworkers.Inonerespect,however,thegapisshrinking:thenumb
PartofthenewdesignistobeconcernedwiththefollowingEXCEPTAccordingtothepassage,thenewdesignworkinvolves
TheauthorthinksthatDanesadopta______attitudetowardstheircountry.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthe
Mostpublishingisnow"electronic"inthesensethatbooks,magazines,andnewspapersarepreparedoncomputers,andexistascom
A、massanti-SyrianprotestsB、LebaneseparliamentaryelectionsC、PresidentLahoud’sresignationD、thekillingofafamousjourna
A、EveryonethinksthereistoomuchviolenceonTV.B、MostpeoplethinkthereistoomuchviolenceonTV.C、Thereisnorealagr
随机试题
下列《[正宫]端正好》(上高监司)的语句,写饥民吃野菜充饥的有()
Thewaiterwasmade______totheguest.
A.胰岛素治疗B.二甲双胍口服C.格列齐特(达美康)口服D.单纯饮食控制男性,45岁。口干,多尿、多饮2个月,胃纳亢进明显。身高175cm,体重85kg。空腹血糖8.7mmol/L,餐后2小时血糖13.1mmol/L。该患者最佳治疗选择是
下列哪一种情况不是洋地黄治疗心力衰竭有效的指标
闭合性多根多处肋骨骨折,呼吸衰竭的主要原因是
患者,女,28岁,目赤肿痛,羞明多泪,口苦,大便秘结,舌红,脉弦带数。用药宜首选
在Excel系统内部,数字和日期都是以数字形式存储的。()
依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,恰当的一组是()教育部副部长张保庆8月31日在一次新闻发布会上,______了目前国家关于高校收费的总体原则和有关政策,他表示:“目前,高校收费政策应该说有不完善的地方,但基本上还是______合理的。”
计算
下列有关数据库运行维护过程中数据库的重组和重构操作,说法错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)