2. 外语
  3. "One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," says Lindson-Hawley,

"One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," says Lindson-Hawley,

admin2019-03-20  2
问题     "One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.
    In her study, participants were randomly (随机地) assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine (尼古丁) patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
    Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
    And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, ’Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice,’" says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings (瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective," says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. "When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it," Ferreira says.
    People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.
What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley’s study?
选项 A、They were given physical training.
B、They were looked after by physicians.
C、They were encouraged by psychologists.
D、They were offered nicotine replacements.
答案D
解析 细节题。第三段第四、五句指出，两组人在戒烟前都使用了尼古丁贴片，除此之外，还有另外一种尼古丁替代品，如口香糖或喷雾。他们还在戒烟前后接受护士的谈话疗法。故答案为D。A、C项原文未提及，故排除。B项与原文不符，原文提及护士的谈话疗法，未提及医师的照顾，故排除。
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