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  3. One pertinent question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated is how much notice of an approaching

One pertinent question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated is how much notice of an approaching

admin2022-03-28  29
问题     One pertinent question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated is how much notice of an approaching wave can be given to vulnerable people without the risk of crying "wolf" too often. Earthquakes themselves are unpredictable, and likely to remain so. But detecting them when they happen is a routine technology. That was not the problem in this case, which was observed by monitoring stations all over the world. Unfortunately for the forecasters, although any powerful submarine earthquake brings the risk of a dangerous tsunami, not all such earthquakes actually result in a big wave, and false alarms cost money and breed cynicism.
    On top of that, most " tsunamigenic" earthquakes, which are caused when the processes of plate tectonics force heavy, oceanic crustal rock below lighter, continental rock to create a deep trench at the bottom of the sea, occur in the Pacific, which is almost surrounded by such trenches. In the Indian Ocean, deep trenches are confined to the southern coast of Indonesia, and tsunamis are rare. Since most of the countries affected by this tsunami are poor, or middle-income at best, and monitoring costs money, this might suggest that a fatalistic approach to the question is reasonable. But American and Japanese experience suggests that effective monitoring need not be that expensive.
    These two countries have networks of seabed pressure—detectors that can monitor tsunamis and indicate whether and where evacuation is necessary—data they share with their Pacific neighbors. A system of seven detectors, run from Hawaii, cost about $18 million to develop, and the experience gained doing so means a similar system might now be had for as little as $2 million. So, politicians in Southeast Asia and Australia are proposing one for the Indian Ocean.
    Detecting tsunamis directly, rather than relying on earthquake monitors, is important for another reason, too. Not all tsunamis are caused by earthquakes. Some of the worst, such as a 15-meter -high monster that killed more than 2,000 people in New Guinea in 1998, are the result of submarine landslides (though these can themselves be triggered by earthquakes, as was the case in New Guinea). Indeed, a few years ago it was suggested that a landslide in an unstable part of La Palma, one of the Canary Islands, might cause a tsunami that would devastate the east coast of America.
    Even if you have an effective detection system, though, it is useless if you cannot evacuate a threatened area. Here, speed is of the essence. Computer modeling can help show which areas are likely to be safest, but common sense is often the best guide—run like wind, away from the sea. Evacuation warnings, too, should be easy to give as long as people are awake. Radios are ubiquitous, even in most poor places. It is just a matter of having systems in place to tell the radio stations to tell people to run. The problem was that no one did.
The overall damage in Aceh might have been reduced if we had
选项 A、given timely warnings.
B、set up monitoring stations.
C、detected the earthquake.
D、developed detecting technology.
答案A
解析 推断题。题目问的是“我们采取什么措施可以降低亚齐省的灾难?”。由文章第一段第一句“One pertinent question in the wake of the earthquake near Aceh and the tsunami it generated is how much notice of an approaching wave Can be given to vulnerable people without the risk of crying ‘wolf’ too often. ”可知：亚齐省附近的地震和海啸所引发的一个关键问题就是：到底应当提前多长时间向人们预警海啸，而又避免了空喊“狼来了”，这与A项内容相符。故选A。
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