首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
An important point in the development of a governmental agency is the codification of its controlling practices. The study of la
An important point in the development of a governmental agency is the codification of its controlling practices. The study of la
admin
2005-12-10
105
问题
An important point in the development of a governmental agency is the codification of its controlling practices. The study of law or jurisprudence is usually concerned with the codes and practices of specific governments, past or present. It is also concerned with certain questions upon which a functional analysis of behavior has some bearing. What is a law? What role does a law play in governmental control? In particular, what effect does it have upon the behavior of the controllee and of the members of the governmental agency itself?
A law usually has two important features. In the first place, it specifies behavior. The behavior is usually not described topographically but rather in terms of its effect upon others - the effect that is the object of governmental control. When we are told, for example, that an individual has "committed perjury," we are not told what he has actually said. "Robbery" and "assault" do not refer to specific forms of response. Only properties of behavior which are aversive to others are mentioned - in perjury the lack of a customary correspondence between a verbal response and certain factual circumstances, in robbery the removal of positive reinforces, and in assault the aversive character of physical injury. In the second place, a law specifies or implies a consequence, usually punishment, A law is thus a statement of a contingency of reinforcement maintained by a governmental agency. The contingency may have prevailed as a controlling practice prior to its codification as a law, or it may represent a new practice which goes into effect with the passage of the law. Laws are thus both descriptions of past practices and assurafices of similar practices in the future. A law is a rule of conduct in the sense that it specifies the consequences of certain actions which in mm "rule" behavior.
The effect of a law upon the controlling agency The government of a large group requires an elaborate organization, the practices of which may be made more consistent and effective by codification. How codes of law affect governmental agents is the principal subject of jurisprudence. The behavioral processes are complex, although presumably not novel. In order to maintain or "enforce" contingencies of governmental control, an agency must establish the fact that an individual has behaved illegally and must interpret a code to determine the punishment. It must then carry out the punishment. These labors are usually divided among special subdivisions of the agency. The advantages gained when the individual is "not under man but under law" have usually been obvious, and the great codifiers of law occupy places of honor in the history of civilization. Codification does not, however, change the essential nature of governmental action nor remedy all its defects.
Why are laws formed?
选项
A、Laws are made before a contingency.
B、Laws are made after a contingency.
C、A contingency always happens before a law is approved and passed.
D、Laws are passed to stand the test of time’ and are applicable to other similar circumstances in the future.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/9XIO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Garvey,whoplayedfortheLosAngelesDodgersandtheSanDiegoPadres,wastheNationalLeague’sMostValuablePlayerin1974.
Readthearticlebelowaboutaninnovativestrategyinbusiness,andthequestionsontheoppositepage.Foreachquestion(1
Readthearticlebelowaboutdevelopmentsatabank.Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegap
Whathappenstothephonecall?Whenwillthemancometopickupthewoman?
WhydoesJanetWillisthinktheyneedtouseanoutsideagency?Bytheendoftheconversation,theMD
Lookatthenotesbelow.Someinformationismissing.Youwillhearadialogueaboutone’sbackground.Foreachquestion(9-15),
YouwillhearaconversationbetweenthedealerDanandtheproducerAnn.Foreachquestion(23-30),markoneletter(A,BorC
MANUFACTURER’SNOTICEPleasereturnanygoodsdamagedduringtransportationwithintwoweeksofdelivery,forimmediate
LittletonNewsUpdateTherateofunemploymentinLittleton,asmalltowninthesouthwestofEngland,hasreachedarecord
TourisminThailandIn1997therewereover7million(29)toThailand.Therewere(30)independenttravelers(up4.5%
随机试题
调经的具体原则中没有
下列哪项不是甘味的作用
某单位新建员互集体宿舍,室内地面标高±0.000m,室外地面标高-0.450m,地上7层,局部8层,一层至七层为标准层,每层建筑面积1200m2,七层屋面面层标高+21.000m,八层为设备用房,建筑面积290m2,八层屋面面层标高+25.000m。根据现
某公司为增值税一般纳税企业,主要生产和销售甲产品,适用增值税税率17%,所得税税率25%,不考虑其他相关税费。该公司2011年发生以下业务。(1)销售甲产品一批,该批产品的成本16万元,销售价格40万元,专用发票注明增值税税额6.8万元,产品已经
货币当局对外汇市场不进行干预,听任汇率随外汇市场的供求变化而自由升跌的汇率制度是()。
提出了教师成长公式“经验+反思=成长”的人是()。
在CSMA/CD协议中,下列指标与冲突时间没有关系的是()。
A.knowingB.sourceC.knowledgeD.consultE.helpF.latestG.unnecessaryH.vitalI.qualitiesJ.switchK.acquain
Thelocaleducationauthoritycompiledalistof"potentialsecurityproblems"oncampuslastweek.Theyincludefireaccidents,
Therearethreetheoriesaboutthebirthofmoon.Inthefirst,themoonisthoughttohaveformed【S1】______inspace,afterwhi
最新回复
(
0
)