2. 外语
  3. The word "brick" did not appear in the English language before the 15th century. Bricks 【C1】______ have been known in Britain be

The word "brick" did not appear in the English language before the 15th century. Bricks 【C1】______ have been known in Britain be

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问题    The word "brick" did not appear in the English language before the 15th century. Bricks 【C1】______ have been known in Britain before then, but they were not【C2】______ enough to be mentioned by any writer. We know that they were used in ancient Egypt, in India, and in the Roman【C3】______; they were used again in parts of Europe; but there is a strange【C4】______ in the history of brick-making which left Britain, at【C5】______, without bricks for building for several hundred years. When they did arrive in Britain, it was in a very【C6】______ way.
   In the 15th century, Britain’s wool trade was【C7】______ flourishing, and shiploads of wool were exported to other countries, among them, Germany and Holland. These ships would have had to return empty, 【C8】______ their captains were able to pick up a【C9】______ cargo, and no captain likes an empty ship. For【C10】______ thing, it is difficult to【C11】______ in stormy weather; for another thing, it is a great waste of space. So【C12】______ than return home with an empty ship, the captains would【C13】______ up with anything, and at about this time, somebody had the idea of loading the home-bound ships with【C14】______. These were already being used【C15】______ in Holland and Germany, where the brick-makers were anxious to sell their surplus【C16】______.
   These bricks must have been a godsend to the builders of London and southeast England. There was very【C17】______ building stone in that part of the country, and stocks of good building【C18】______ were running【C19】______. Bricks were first used for the big houses of rich people living in the countryside, and only later for town houses and 【C20】______ cottages.
【C3】
选项 A、Empire
B、State
C、Kingdom
D、Knighthood
答案A
解析    本题考点为文化背景知识与词义辨析。完形填空不仅考查对语法、词汇、固定搭配、句型的掌握情况和阅读理解的能力，还考查基本的文化常识。
   (1)句式分析。
   原句中，We know是主句，that they were used…是宾语从句，其中，连词and将in ancient Egypt(古埃及)，in India(印度)和in the Roman______并列在一起。由此可知，ancient Egypt，India和the Roman______指历史上的三个国家。
   (2)句意判断。
   经过句式分析，根据文化常识可知，此处the Roman______指“罗马帝国”，此句意为“我们知道在古埃及、印度和罗马帝国，人们使用砖块”。
   【知识拓展】词汇拓展。
   常见国家的英文表达：英国(Britain，England，the United Kingdom／the UK)，美国(America，the United States)，法国(France)，日本(Japan)，朝鲜(North Korea)，韩国(South Korea)，德国(German)，埃及(Egypt)，泰国(Thailand)，土耳其(Turkey)，新加坡(Singapore)，叙利亚(Syria)，瑞典(Sweden)，荷兰(Netherlands)，西班牙(Spain)，希腊(Greece)，意大利(Italy)，澳大利亚(Australia)，新西兰(New Zealand)。
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