2. 外语
  3. Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for e

Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for e

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问题     Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects every day. Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation, resulting in muse- um-quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder.
    I would like to make an outrageous suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. I would propose that scientific archeological expeditions and governmental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open market. Such sales would provide substan- tial funds for the excavation and preservation of archaeological sites and the publication of results. At the same time, they would break the illegal excavator’s grip on the market, thereby de- creasing the inducement to engage in illegal activities.
    You might object that professionals excavate to acquire knowledge, not money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the highest bidder. I agree. Sell nothing that has unique artistic merit or scientific value. But, you might reply, everything that comes out of the ground has scientific value. Here we part company. Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scientific val- ue. Practically, you are wrong.
    I refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of one another. In one small excavation in Cyprus, archaeolo- gists recently uncovered 2,000 virtually indistinguishable small jugs in a single courtyard. Even precious royal seal impressions known as l’melekh handles have been found in abundance—more than 4,000 examples so far.
    The basements of museums are simply not large enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There is not enough money even to catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found again and become as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Indeed, with the help of a computer, sold artifacts could be more accessible than are the pieces stored in bulging museum basements. Prior to sale, each could be photographed and the list of the purchasers could be maintained on the computer. A purchaser could even be required to agree to return the piece if it should become needed for scientific purposes.
    It would be unrealistic to suggest that illegal digging would stop if arti- facts were sold on the open market. But the demand for the clandestine product would be substantially reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when another was available whose provenance was known, and that was dated strati-graphically by the professional archaeologist who excavated it?
The primary purpose of the passage is to propose
选项 A、an alternative to museum display of artifacts.
B、a way to curb illegal digging while benefiting the archaeological profession.
C、a way to distinguish artifacts with scientific value from those that have no such value.
D、the governmental regulation of archaeological sites.
E、a new system for cataloguing duplicate artifacts.
答案B
解析 主题题型：A．博物馆展出文物的替代方式。无。B．正确。阻止非法发掘并且对考古事业有益的方法。文章第一段就指出，现在考古界有两个问题，一为钱少，二为有非法开掘，作者后面的论述就是针对这两个问题给出解决的方案。C．区分有无科学价值的文物的方法。文章第四段顺带提了一下这个问题，但不是全文的重要内容。D．对考古地点的政府控制。无。E．给复制品文物分类的方法。无。
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