首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
In 2010, a federal judge shook America’s biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by
In 2010, a federal judge shook America’s biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by
admin
2017-01-17
45
问题
In 2010, a federal judge shook America’s biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organization(BIO), a trade group, assured members that this was just a "preliminary step" in a longer battle.
On July 29th they were relieved, at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Muriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman’ s risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Mytiad, a company in Utah, said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.
But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine, the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over. Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents’ monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad’s. A growing number seem to agree.
Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case, arguing that an isolated DNA molecule "is no less a product of nature ... than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds."
Despite the appeals court’s decision, big questions remain unanswered. For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.
As the industry advances, however, other suits may have an even greater impact. Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules—most are already patented or in the public domain. Firms are now studying how genes interact, looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy. Companies are eager to win patents for "connecting the dots," explains Hans Sauer, a lawyer for the BIO.
Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyer on the shifting landscape for patents.
Each meeting was packed
.
According to Hans Sauer, companies are eager to win patents for
选项
A、establishing disease correlations.
B、discovering gene interactions.
C、drawing pictures of genes.
D、identifying human DNA.
答案
B
解析
细节题。由关键词定位到原文第五段“companies are eager to win patents for‘connecting the dots’”,并且前文提到“Firms are now studying how genes interact,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy”,即各大公司目前正在研究基因之间的相互作用,寻找它们之间的相关性,从而通过这些相关性推断疾病产生的原因或预测药物的有效性。可见各大公司的研究对象是基因之间的相互作用,dots代表了单个基因,connecting的行为才是各大公司的目标。A项迷惑性极强,但A项描述的是“疾病之间的联系”,与基因没有关系,公司研究基因的目的是探明疾病的原因cause,A项偷换了概念。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/A2EZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowinginformation.Makecommentsandexpressyourownopinion.
Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowinginformation.Makecommentsandexpressyourownopinion.
Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowinginformation.Makecommentsandexpressyourownopinion.
Thepriceofabitcointopped$900lastweek,anenormoussurgeinvaluethatarrivedamidstCongressionalhearingswheretopU.
Thepriceofabitcointopped$900lastweek,anenormoussurgeinvaluethatarrivedamidstCongressionalhearingswheretopU.
Fordecadesthemarketforexpensiveheadphoneswasmainlylimitedtohi-fifans.But【C1】______theboxystereosysteminthecor
Bettingagainstanindustrywithaddictsforcustomerscarriesobviousrisks.【C1】______theseareuncertaintimesforBigTobacco
In1784,fiveyearsbeforehebecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates,GeorgeWashington,52,wasnearlytoothless.Sohehireda
Datahasahabitofspreading.ItslipspastmilitarysecurityanditcanalsoleakfromWikiLeaks.Itevenslippedpasttheban
随机试题
工作关系不同,行文关系和行文方向便不同。()
对装修材料的燃烧性能进行现场判定时,当顶棚或墙面表面局部采用多孔或泡沫状塑料时,其厚度不得大于15mm,且面积不得超过该房间顶棚或墙面积的()。
公共物品的效率由()组成。
甲企业2×20年1月1日持有乙公司20%有表决权股份,能够对乙公司生产经营施加重大影响。2×20年11月,甲企业将其账面价值为1200万元的商品以1800万元的价格出售给乙公司,至2×20年12月31日,该批商品尚未对外部独立第三方出售。假定甲企业取得该项
下列关于海洋灾害的说法,不正确的一项是()。
在市场经济中,竞争机制使企业能够按公平原则进行资源配置,促使资源流向效率高的地区、部门和企业,使之得到最佳配置。()
古代死刑的行刑一般在()。
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填人问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性:()
编写程序,一个数如果刚好与它所有的因子之和相等,则称该数为“完数”,如:6=1+2+3,则6就是一个完数。求5~500之间的完数的个数。
Lastweek,speakersataprograminWashingtondiscussedusingnanotechnology(纳米技术)toimprovehealthcareindevelopingcountr
最新回复
(
0
)